猪轮状病毒抗原蛋白相关特性的研究进展  

Research Progress on Antigenic Protein-Related Characteristics of Porcine Rotavirus

作　　者：于洪敏 单春乔 梁方印 李娟 王岩 刘艳 YU Hong-min;SHAN Chun-qiao;LIANG Fang-yin;LI Juan;WANG Yan;LIU Yan(Dalian Sanyi Animal Medicine Limited Company,Dalian 116000,China;Puyang County Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Puyang 457000,China)

机构地区：[1]大连三仪动物药品有限公司,辽宁大连116000 [2]濮阳县农业农村局,河南濮阳457000

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2023年第12期99-103,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：腹泻是引起仔猪死亡的重要原因之一,严重威胁着养猪业的可持续发展,尤其是病毒性腹泻,能够引起猪群出现大规模的急性胃肠炎、脱水甚至死亡,给猪场带来不小的经济损失。猪轮状病毒是引起猪群病毒性腹泻的主要病原体之一,常在秋冬季节流行。猪轮状病毒有10个基因群(A~J),其中A群是引起仔猪严重胃肠炎的主要基因群,发病率和死亡率都较高,近些年,除A群猪轮状病毒感染猪群外,B群和C群也时常被检出且检出率不断增加。通过对猪轮状病毒抗原蛋白相关特性的研究发现,VP4、VP6和VP7蛋白具有很好的抗原特异性,免疫动物后具有良好的保护作用,研究人员常将它们构建到不同的表达载体上并在多种宿主细胞内诱导表达。这些抗原蛋白在免疫组学研究和疫苗研制中扮演着至关重要的角色,也为进一步开展猪轮状病毒病原研究及后续疫苗和药物的研制提供参考。本文介绍了猪轮状病毒感染的临床症状、病原学特征、分群依据和各群差异及其抗原蛋白的致病机理和免疫学特性等内容,以期更好地理解猪轮状病毒,为猪场轮状病毒的防治和养殖业的健康发展提供参考依据。Diarrhea is one of the significant causes of mortality in piglets,posing a severe threat to the sustainable development of the swine industry,especially viral diarrhea,which can lead to widespread acute gastroenteritis,dehydration,and even death,resulting in substantial economic losses for pig farms.Porcine rotavirus,a major pathogen causing viral diarrhea in pig herds,tends to prevail in the fall and winter seasons.Among its ten genogroups(A to J),Group A porcine rotavirus is a predominant cause of severe gastroenteritis in piglets,with high morbidity and mortality rates.In recent years,Groups B and C have also been detected,with increasing detection rates.Through the study of the antigenic protein-related characteristics of porcine rotavirus,it has been found that VP4,VP6,and VP7 proteins exhibit excellent antigenic specificity and confer robust protective effects after immunization in animals.Researchers often construct them into various expression vectors and induce expression in various host cells.These antigenic proteins play a crucial role in immunological studies and vaccine development,providing valuable insights for further research on the pathogenesis of porcine rotavirus and the subsequent development of vaccines and drugs.This article summarizes the clinical symptoms,pathogenic characteristics,subgrouping criteria,intergroup differences,and the pathogenic and immunological properties of porcine rotavirus antigenic proteins,to enhance understanding of porcine rotavirus and provide reference for the prevention and control of rotavirus in pig farms and the healthy development of the swine industry.

关 键 词：猪轮状病毒 抗原蛋白 腹泻 致病机理 免疫学特性 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]