四川盆地强噪音环境下高密度地震采集技术实践  

Influence of environmental noise on seismic data in Sichuan basin

作　　者：耿春 张晓斌 胡峰 赵容容 胡善政 罗文 熊晶璇 何伟 段卓 GENG Chun;ZHANG Xiaobin;HU Feng;ZHAO Rongrong;HU Shanzheng;LUO Wen;XIONG Jingxuan;HE Wei;DUAN Zhuo(Southwest Geophysical Branch,BGP Inc.,CNPC,Chengdu 610213,China;Southwest Oil&GasField Company,CNPC,Chengdu 610057,China;Geophysical Technology Research Center,BGP Inc.,CNPC,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油东方地球物理勘探有限公司西南物探分公司,成都610213 [2]中国石油西南油气田分公司勘探事业部,成都610057 [3]中国石油东方地球物理勘探有限公司物探技术研究中心,成都610213

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2023年第6期689-697,共9页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

摘　　要：随着社会发展及城镇化进程加快,地震资料采集面临环境噪音的影响愈加严重。环境噪音的有效控制是提高地震资料信噪比最有效的措施,然而随着高密度地震勘探技术和技术经济一体化的提出,高效地震采集与对错综复杂的噪音严格控制的矛盾日益加剧,因此找到地震资料质量与施工效率的平衡点显得尤为重要。为此首先分析了四川盆地环境噪音特征及其控制措施;其次分析了不同强度环境噪音对地震资料的影响,并分析了不同强度环境噪声的压制效果;最后通过不同强度环境噪音压制效果找到需要控制的环境噪音门槛值。研究表明:强度在20μV以内的环境噪音对地震资料评价影响较小,强度在40μV以内的环境噪音通过室内处理可以有效压制。With the acceleration of social development and urbanization,seismic data acquisition is facing increasingly severe environmental noise impacts.The effective control of environmental noise is the most effective measure to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data.However,with the introduction of high-density seismic exploration technology and the integration of technology and economy,the contradiction between efficient seismic acquisition and strict control of complex noise is becoming increasingly severe.Therefore,it is particularly important to find the balance point between the quality of seismic data and the efficiency of seismic acquisition.This article first analyzes the characteristics of environmental noise in the Sichuan basin and its control measures;Secondly,the impact of environmental noise of different intensities on seismic data was analyzed,and the attenuation effect of environmental noise of different intensities was analyzed;Finally,the threshold value of environmental noise that needs to be controlled is found through the attenuation effect of different intensities of environmental noise.Research has shown that environmental noise with an intensity below 20μV has a relatively small impact on seismic data evaluation,while environmental noise with an intensity below 40μV can be effectively attenuated through seismic processing technology.

关 键 词：环境噪音 高密度地震采集 地震采集效率 环境噪音门槛 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]