长三角土壤污染重点监管单位综合风险评价  

Comprehensive risk assessment of key supervision units of soil pollution in Yangtze River Delta

作　　者：鞠铁男 雷梅[1,2] 郭广慧 徐源[1,2] 娄启佳 张洋 张晋龙 JU Tie-nan;LEI Mei;GUO Guang-hui;XU Yuan;LOU Qi-jia;ZHANG Yang;ZHANG Jin-long(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第12期6490-6499,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1800100);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42277475)。

摘　　要：为评价长三角土壤污染重点监管单位带来的综合风险,基于“源-途径-受体”的风险评价理念,对长三角超过50年的重点行业企业,创新性地根据企业生产信息和多年自然环境信息,将“途径”融入场地潜在污染范围模拟方法中,并依照污染范围对长三角受体脆弱性和场地危害性进行评价.在此基础上,对比在产和关闭搬迁企业受体指标前后变化情况,评价环保政策管控成效.最终综合在产企业污染范围内的场地危害性和周边受体脆弱性,对长三角进行县域尺度风险分级研究,提出优先管控县域单元.结果表明:化工和电镀行业为长三角的支柱产业,占比高达85%以上,主要分布在东部地区.截至2020年,环保政策使长三角超过1700万人和2.3万km^(2)的农用地免受更高风险,潜在污染范围下降幅度达到42%.研究显示,2020年长三角高风险县区包括浦东新区、富阳区、嘉定区和张家港市等8个,属于优先管控区域.To evaluate the comprehensive risk of key regulatory units of soil pollution in the Yangtze River Delta,based on the risk assessment concept of"source pathway receptor",this paper innovatively integrated the"pathway"into the simulation method of potential pollution scope of the site for key industry enterprises over 50 years of history according to the production information of enterprises and years of natural environment information and evaluates the vulnerability of receptors and site hazards in the Yangtze River Delta according to the pollution scope.On this basis,this study compared the change of the receptor index of relocation enterprises before and after production and closure to evaluate the effect of environmental protection policy control.Finally,based on the site hazards and the vulnerability of peripheral receptors within the pollution range of the production enterprises,we constructed the risk classification at the county scale in the Yangtze River Delta and proposed priority control of county units.The results show that the chemical industry and electroplating industry are the pillar industries of the Yangtze River Delta,accounting for more than 85%,mainly distributed in the eastern region.By 2020,implementing environmental protection policies has effectively safeguarded environmental protection policies that more than 17 million people and protected approximately 23000km^(2) of agricultural land in the Yangtze River Delta from higher risks,reducing potential pollution by 42%.The study identified eight high-risk counties as priority control areas in the Yangtze River Delta in 2020,including Pudong New Area,Fuyang District,Jiading District,Zhangjiagang City,and Xiaoshan District.

关 键 词：重点行业 污染范围模拟 管控成效 县域尺度 风险区划 土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]