中国水环境协同治理的时空演化特征及影响因素——基于治水流程闭环与协同机制统筹的思考  

The spatiotemporal evolution features and influencing factors of water environment co-governance in China:thinking based on the closed-loop and synergy mechanism of water control process

作　　者：张宁[1] 李海洋 张俊飚[2] 汪子晨 江梦琪 ZHANG Ning;LI Hai-yang;ZHANG Jun-biao;WANG Zi-chen;JIANG Meng-qi(School of Management,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China;School of Economics and Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Economics,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学管理学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]华中农业大学经济管理学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]杭州电子科技大学经济学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第12期6763-6777,共15页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(20BGL188);浙江省高校重大人文社科攻关计划项目(2023GH003)。

摘　　要：基于“前端管控、中端处理、末端保护”的治水流程闭环思路,从水资源禀赋、水污染防治及水资源保护三个维度构建了水环境治理评价体系,运用耦合协调度及空间核密度模型探究了2011~2020年我国31个省份水环境治理水平的时空演化特征.基于此,依据“空间-政策-经济”(S-P-E)协同矩阵划分协同治理区域并测度其协同治理水平及影响因素.结果表明:我国水环境治理水平呈现“东部领、中西追、整体升、省域差异波动扩增”的时空演化特征.现阶段我国可划分8个具有“空间邻近、政策扩散、经济关联”协同特征的水环境协同治理区域,各区域间治理水平存在较大差异,但总体上均表征为“S”型波动上升态势,且进一步发现水环境治理发展优势是区域水环境协同治理提升的必要条件.农、工业结构、农业机械化及经济发展对水环境协同治理具有显著的正向提升作用,对外开放、城市化及人口密度表现出较为显著的抑制作用,工业密度与技术创新的正向促进作用存在滞后效应,且水环境协同治理自身具备明显的“动量效应”.Based on the closed-loop process of"front-end control,middle-end treatment and end protection",a water environment governance evaluation system was constructed from the following three dimensions:water resources endowment,water pollution prevention and water resources protection.Then the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of water environment governance level of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 were studied by applying the coupling degree of coordination and spatial kernel density model.Further,the collaboratively governed regions were divided according to the"space-policy-economy"(S-P-E)synergistic matrix and their collaborative governance level and influencing factors were measured.The results indicated that China's water environment governance level showed the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of"the east areas taking the lead,the middle and west areas following behind,the whole country rising,and fluctuating and expanding differences between provinces".At present,China has eight water environment collaboratively governed regions with the characteristics of"spatial proximity,policy diffusion,economic linkage".There were big differences in the level of governance among regions,though in general they were all characterized by"S"type fluctuating upward trend.Further,it was found that the advantage of water environment governance development was a necessary condition for the enhancement of regional water environment collaborative governance."Agricultural,industrial structure,agricultural mechanization and economic development had a significant positive effect on the collaborative governance of the water environment,while openness to the outside world,urbanization and population density showed a significant inhibitory effect.In addition,the promotional effect of industrial density and technological innovation showed a lagging effect,and the collaborative governance of the water environment itself had a significant"momentum effect".

关 键 词：水环境协同治理 时空演化特征 影响因素 治水流程闭环 协同机制统筹 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]