养分运筹对烤烟农艺性状·番茄斑萎病的影响  

Effects of Nutrient Management on Agronomic Traits of Flue-cured Tobacco and Tomato Spot Wilt Disease

作　　者：罗优 贺彪 韩天华 杨文奎 和翌辉 张文先 官峰 张雯清 李佛琳[2] LUO You;HE Biao;HAN Tian-hua(Yunnan Tobacco Company Lijiang City Company,Lijiang,Yunnan 674100)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司丽江市公司,云南丽江674100 [2]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第24期153-156,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省烟草科技计划项目(2020530000241019)。

摘　　要：为明确丽江市金沙江流域烟区烟蒜轮作后养分运筹对烟草农艺性状及番茄斑萎病毒病(TSWV)、蓟马发生流行的影响。烟蒜轮作后随机设置养分运筹小区试验,测定烟草生长期的农艺性状,并调查番茄斑萎病、蓟马发生情况。结果表明,烟蒜轮作后常规施肥(T_(1))比不施氮磷钾肥(CK)的烟草团棵期株高、茎围、节距、最大叶宽依次提高了61.97%、32.22%、38.31%、42.21%;旺长期T_(1)比CK处理的茎围、节距、叶数、最大叶宽、最大叶面积依次提高了14.14%、19.75%、17.05%、14.87%、17.17%;成熟期T_(1)比CK处理的株高、最大叶宽、叶面积依次提高了9.74%、11.34%、12.03%;T_(1)和CK处理在烟草团棵期的病情指数分别为0和8,旺长期为5和14;成熟期为15和38,T_(1)处理病情指数显著低于CK处理。番茄斑萎病发病率、病情指数、百株累计蓟马虫数均随调查时间推移呈上升趋势。烟蒜轮作后合理施肥可提高烟叶农艺性状、降低番茄斑萎病病情指数和危害程度,可为改良植烟土壤、减轻连作障碍提供参考依据。To clarify the impact of nutrient management after tobacco garlic rotation in the Jinsha River Basin of Lijiang City on tobacco agronomic traits and the prevalence of tomato spotted wilt virus(TSWV)and thrips.After the rotation of tobacco and garlic,a randomized nutrient management plot experiment was conducted to determine the agronomic traits of tobacco during its growth period,and to investigate the occurrence of tomato spot wilt and thrips.The results showed that after tobacco garlic rotation,conventional fertilization(T_(1))increased the plant height,stem circumference,pitch,and maximum leaf width of tobacco at the cluster stage by 61.97%,32.22%,38.31%and 42.21%,respectively,compared to the control without nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer(CK);stem girth,pitch,number of leaves,maximum leaf width,and maximum leaf area of the vigorous long-term T_(1) treatment increased by 14.14%,19.75%,17.05%,14.87%,and 17.17%respectively compared to CK treatment;plant height,maximum leaf width,and leaf area of T_(1) treatment at maturity were increased by 9.74%,11.34%and 12.03%,respectively,compared to CK treatment;the disease index of T_(1) and CK treatments during the tobacco cluster stage was 0 and 8,and the peak period was 5 and 14,respectively;the maturity period was 15 and 38,and the disease index of T_(1) treatment was significantly lower than that of CK treatment.The incidence rate,disease index and the cumulative number of thrips per hundred plants of tomato leaf spot wilt increased with the time of investigation.Reasonable fertilization after tobacco garlic rotation can improve the agronomic traits of tobacco leaves,reduce the disease index and harm degree of tomato spot wilt,and provide reference basis for improving tobacco planting soil and reducing continuous cropping obstacles.

关 键 词：烤烟 养分运筹 轮作 农艺性状 番茄斑萎病 

分 类 号：S431.16[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]