南丰蜜橘对高温热害的生理响应及耐热性评价模型构建  

Physiological response to high temperature and heat tolerance evaluation of different lines in Nanfeng tangerine

作　　者：徐超 杨再强[3] 王雨亭 刘布春[2] 杨惠栋 汤雨晴 胡新龙[1] 胡钟东[1] XU Chao;YANG Zaiqiang;WANG Yuting;LIU Buchun;YANG Huidong;TANG Yuqing;HU Xinlong;HU Zhongdong(Institute of Horticulture/Nanchang Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit and Tea,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330299,Jiangxi,China;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,CAAS/National Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Crop Water Use and Disaster Reduction/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China;School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210046,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院园艺研究所·南昌市果茶种质创新与利用重点实验室,南昌330299 [2]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所·作物高效用水与抗灾减损国家工程实验室·农业农村部农业环境重点实验室,北京100081 [3]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210046

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第12期2638-2651,共14页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金面上项目(20224BAB205051);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项项目(JXXTCXBSJJ202206,JXXTCX202203);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-26);江西省现代农业产业技术体系项目(JXARS-07);南丰蜜橘品种改良育种(抚科计字[2022]8号)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究南丰蜜橘不同品系对高温热害的生理响应,并进行耐热性评价。【方法】通过测定高温下南丰蜜橘不同品系(杨小-26和南丰-28)叶片组织结构、气孔形态和生理生化指标,评价两个品系的耐热性强弱。【结果】高温显著影响两个品系叶片组织结构和气孔形态特征;高温下两个品系的Pn下降,在24 h时是气孔因素导致的,而在48 h时是非气孔因素。高温期间杨小-26的F_(v)/F_(m)、ABS/CS_(m)、TR_(o)/CS_(m)、ET_(o)/CS_(m)和DI_(o)/CS_(m)值均高于南丰-28,而O_(2)^(-)、H_(2)O_(2)和MDA含量则小于南丰-28。在高温处理48 h时,杨小-26的SOD和CAT活性高于南丰-28。通过相关性分析和主成分分析,筛选出气孔面积、Pn、MDA、F_(v)/F_(m)和SOD作为模型构建的关键参数,构建TOPSIS的耐热性评价模型,计算出杨小-26的耐热性高于南丰-28。【结论】高温下杨小-26叶片组织更稳定、光合能量转换效率高、细胞膜损伤较轻、SOD和CAT酶的活性高是其耐热性较高的主要原因。【Objective】In order to explore the physiological response of different lines in Nanfeng tan-gerine to high temperature and evaluate their heat resistance,the present experiment was undertaken.【Methods】With the main cultivars of Nanfeng tangerine,Yangxiao-26 and Nanfeng-28,as the experi-mental materials,the effects of 24 h and 48 h treatments at 42℃on the leaf tissue structure,stomatal morphology,photosynthetic fluorescence parameters,energy transfer,reactive oxygen species and anti-oxidant enzyme activity of plants were studied.Based on the results,an entropy weighted TOPSIS heat tolerance model was established to determine the heat resistance degrees of Yangxiao-26 and Nanfeng-28.【Results】With the extension of high temperature and time,the thickness changes of the epidermis and palisade tissue of the leaves of Yangxiao-26 and Nanfeng-28 were not significant,but the values of Yangxiao-26 were greater than those of Nanfeng-28.After 48 h high-temperature treatment,the thick-nesses of the epidermis and sponge tissue significantly decreased by 14.63%and 14.29%in Yangxiao-26,respectively,while they were 13.47%and 15.75%in Nanfeng-28,respectively.With 24 h high tem-perature treatment,there was no significant differences in the ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue be-tween Yangxiao-26 and Nanfeng-28,compared to the untreated group,but the difference was signifi-cant with 48 h high temperature treatment.At room temperature,the stomatal areas of Yangxiao-26 and Nanfeng-28 were 62.71μm and 54.17μm,respectively.After 48 h high-temperature treatment,the sto-matal area of both significantly decreased by 84%and 93%,respectively.High temperature had a signif-icant impact on the length and width of stomata in Yangxiao-26 and Nanfeng-28,both of which signifi-cantly decreased with the duration of high temperature treatment.The stomatal density ranges of Yangxiao-26 and Nanfeng-28 were 62.27-69.41 and 61.31-64.06,respectively,which indicated that they were not affected by high temperature treatment.The stomatal

关 键 词：南丰蜜橘 高温热害 解剖结构 光合作用 抗氧化酶活性 耐热性 

分 类 号：S666.2[农业科学—果树学]