晚实核桃新品种燕香的选育  

Breeding of a new late-fruiting walnut cultivar Yanxiang

作　　者：陈运娣 张建英 张莹莹 CHEN Yundi;ZHANG Jianying;ZHANG Yingying(Forestry Development Center of Changli County,Changli 066600,Hebei,China;Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Improved Forest Variety,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China;Hebei Academy of Forestry Science,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]昌黎县林业发展中心,河北昌黎066600 [2]河北省林木良种工程技术研究中心,石家庄050061 [3]河北省林业和草原科学研究院,石家庄050061

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第12期2684-2688,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(20326334D);河北省林业和草原科学技术研究项目(2203069)。

摘　　要：燕香是从石门核桃实生群体中选育出的优良晚实品种。坚果圆形,壳面较光滑,刻纹浅,缝合线微隆起,结合紧密。坚果纵径37.09 mm,横径35.46 mm,侧径34.78 mm,平均单果质量11.9 g。壳厚1.16 mm,横隔膜革质,内褶壁革质,可取整仁或半仁,出仁率为52.2%。核仁饱满,色浅,香味浓,不涩,种仁脂肪含量(w,后同)为66.5%,粗蛋白质含量为21.2%。燕香在石家庄地区3月下旬发芽,4月中旬雄花散粉,4月下旬雌花盛花期,雄先型,9月初坚果成熟,11月初落叶,侧芽结果率41.1%。燕香抗核桃炭疽病和核桃细菌性黑斑病,树体适应性强,适宜在河北省太行山、燕山浅山丘陵及山前平原地区栽培。Yanxiang is an excellent new late-fruiting walnut variety selected from the seedling popula-tion of Shimen walnut.The nut is round with smooth shell surface and shallow grooves.The suture line is slightly raised and tightly combined.The green fruit is oblong and the thickness of green husk is 5.53 mm.The longitudinal diameter,the transverse diameter and the lateral diameter of nuts are 37.09 mm,35.46 mm,and 34.78 mm,respectively.The average single fruit weight is 11.9 g.The shell thickness is 1.16 mm.The diaphragm and inner fold wall are both leathery.The whole kernel or half kernel can be taken out,and the kernel rate is 52.2%.The kernel is full,light in color,strong in flavor and no astrin-gency.The fat content in kernel is 66.5%;the crude protein content is 21.2%;the total carbohydrate con-tent is 7.2%;the linoleic acid content is 46.82%;and theα-linolenic acid content is 5.4%.The tree of Yanxiang grows vigorously,with branching ability of 6.0 and germination rate of 48.4%.The fruit-bear-ing branch rate is 55.6%,and the lateral bud fruit-bearing rate is 41.1%.The fruit-bearing branches are mainly medium and short fruit-bearing branches.The number of fruits on single branch is 1 to 3,mainly 2.The male inflorescence is catkin,8-12 cm long,when anthers mature,the color of which is apricot yellow,the color of pollen is yellow.The female flower is terminal,with 1-3 florets clustering.The stig-ma is 2-lobed,reversely curled,feathery and light green.In Shijiazhuang area(38°08′48″N,114°28′57″E),budbreak Yanxiang occurs in the end of March;the male flower blooms in the middle and late April;the female flower blooms in the late April;the male flower blooms earlier than the female one;the nut matures in the end of August;and leaves fall at the beginning of November.Yanxiang had good resistance to black spot and anthracnose.From 2019 to 2021,the average disease fruit rate in three re-gional test orchards was 2.43%,2.36%and 2.45%,which indicates a high resistance level.The variety is suitable for cultivation in

关 键 词：核桃 新品种 燕香 晚实 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]