硼中子俘获治疗中硼浓度测量方法的研究进展  

Development of Measuring 10 B Concentrationsin Boron Neutron Capture Therapy

作　　者：李林 赵倩[1,2] 张瑞平 李利平[1,2] LI Lin;ZHAO Qian;ZHANG Rui-ping;LI Li-ping(First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China;Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第一医院,山西太原030001 [2]山西医科大学,山西太原030001

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2023年第6期532-540,I0003,共10页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

摘　　要：硼中子俘获治疗(boron neutron capture therapy, BNCT)是基于细胞水平的二元靶向新型放射疗法,其治疗机理是利用10B(n,ɑ)7Li*的核裂变反应,产生的α和7Li粒子在细胞尺度内释放所有能量,选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞而对周围正常组织几乎没有影响。相比传统的放疗,BNCT具有精准靶向定位、高生物效应、短疗程的优势,是国际粒子治疗的热点。目前BNCT正在推行临床试验,在瘤内动态、定量监测含10B药物的硼浓度是实现BNCT“增效、减副”的关键要素。本文简要介绍了BNCT治疗原理,总结了BNCT治疗过程中含硼药物的多种监测方法,包括物理测量法、核测量法、化学测量法以及利用新型分子影像技术(如正电子发射断层成像、磁共振成像、光学成像等)原位、动态、定量监测的新方法,分析了各种方法的优势与局限性,并提出未来BNCT治疗过程中硼浓度精准监测的新发展方向,旨在实现BNCT精准治疗。Boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT),as a highly promising radiotherapy modality,has emerged as a significant treatment option for various malignant tumors,including high-grade gliomas,recurrent head and neck cancers,and melanoma.BNCT is characterized by the nuclear reactions that occur when nonradioactive 10 B is irradiated by low energy thermal neutron to yield high linear energy transfer(LET)particles,such as 4He and 7Li.These particles have high relative biological efficacy and a short path length of approximately the diameter of a single cell(5-9μm),which enables selective damage to tumour cells marked with 10 B and preserves the adjacent normal tissue.Compared to classical radiotherapies,BNCT has garnered growing attention within the medical community due to its precision targeting,potent biological effects,and short course of treatment.The therapeutic efficacy of BNCT is based on accurately controlling radiation dose,which is mainly determined by the local 10 B concentration of tumour and the neutron flux.Currently,BNCT is being implemented in clinical trials.Dynamic and quantitative monitoring of 10 B concentration of boron-containing drugs in intratumor is the key element to realize the“efficiency and side-effect reduction”of BNCT.Consequently,there is an urgent need for the development of more accurate measurement techniques.In this review,we provide a concise overview of the principles underlying BNCT,and summarize various monitoring methods for boron-containing drugs during treatment,including physical,nuclear,chemical,and novel techniques utilizing advanced molecular imaging technologies such as positron emission tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and optical imaging.Furthermore,we analyze the strengths and limitations of these approaches.We hope this review provides informative insights into the future development of the precise and efficient BNCT.

关 键 词：硼中子俘获治疗 含硼药物 硼浓度监测 分子影像 

分 类 号：TL99[核科学技术—核技术及应用] R815[医药卫生—放射医学] R445.5[医药卫生—临床医学]