动物源肺炎克雷伯氏菌多重耐药研究进展  

Research Progress on Multiple Drug Resistance of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Originated from Animals

作　　者：符德佳 曾宪军 康桦华 黄炜乾 彭新宇 FU Dejia;ZENG Xianjun;KANG Huahua;HUANG Weiqian;PENG Xinyu(Zhongkai College of Agricultural Engineering,school of Animal Science and Technology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510225;Institute of Animal Health,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal and Poultry Diseases/Guangdong Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chinese Veterinary Drugs,Guangzhou Guangdong 510640;Guangzhou Kwangfeng industrial co.,LTD.,Guangzhou Guangdong 510510;Guangdong Rongda biotech Co.,LTD,Qingyuan,Guangdong Guangdong 511517)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院动物科技学院,广东广州510225 [2]广东省农业科学院动物卫生研究所/农业农村部兽用药物与诊断技术广东科学观测实验站/广东省畜禽疫病防治研究重点实验室,广东广州510640 [3]广州市江丰实业股份有限公司,广东广州510450 [4]清远一生自然生物研究院有限公司,广东清远511500

出　　处：《广东畜牧兽医科技》2023年第6期22-27,共6页Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science

基　　金：广东省科研事业单位重点领域研发计划(2020B0202090004);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)202110TD和R2020PYJC001;广东省农业科学院驻镇帮扶村农村科技特派员项目(KTP20210010);清远市2023年省科技创新战略专项(“大专项+任务清单”)项目(2023DZX012)。

摘　　要：肺炎克雷伯氏菌是一种全球广泛存在的条件致病菌,除了是常见的人医院获得性感染病原体外,近年来越来越多的发现表明其能够引起动物侵袭性感染,且该菌携带多种耐药基因。由于一个肺炎克雷伯氏菌细胞可以同时携带多个质粒,具有从环境中的捕获耐药性质粒、并在环境和动物之间传播质粒的能力,这使得该菌既是耐药基因的“收集者”,也是耐药基因的“关键放大器”和“传递者”。目前动物源肺炎克雷伯氏菌耐药性非常严重,已发现对几乎所有抗生素表现出不同程度的耐药性,包括β-内酰胺类抗生素、氟喹诺酮类抗生素和氨基糖苷类抗生素等,其中部分菌株携带产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)和产碳青霉烯酶(CREs)等耐药基因,出现了泛耐药菌株。人们开展植物提取物、噬菌体及基因编辑技术等研究,以期找到解决动物源肺炎克雷伯氏菌耐药性问题的新方法。如人们发现,某些植物提取物表现出抗菌、抗炎、免疫增强等特点,运用基因编辑技术可敲除特定耐药基因,一些噬菌体则可以特异性杀死动物源肺炎克雷伯氏菌等。这些研究为下一步肺炎克雷伯氏菌相关疾病的临床治疗与控制带来了新希望。该文就近年来对动物源肺炎克雷伯氏菌耐药性研究的相关进展,包括耐药性及耐药基因、防治对策研究等,进行了文献综述。Klebsiella pneumoniae is a worldwide opportunistic pathogen,which carries a variety of drug resistance genes.In addition to being a common iatrogenic infection pathogen in human,more and more studies have showed that it also caused invasive infections in animals.In this paper,the recent progress of antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae originated from animals was reviewed,including drug resistance,drug resistance genes and control strategies.Klebsiella pneumoniae can carry multiple plasmids and be able to capture plasmids with drug resistance genes from the environment in various ways and spread them between the environment and animals,making it the“collector”of drug resistance genes,as well as the“key amplifier”and“transmitter”.At present,the drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae originated from animals is very serious,Klebsiella pneumoniae is resistant to almost all antibiotics in varying degrees,includingβ-lactam antibiotics,fluoroquinolones antibiotics and aminoglycoside antibiotics and etc..Some strains carry resistance genes such as extended-spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBLs)and carbapenemases(CREs)making them pan-drug resistant strains.Studies have been carried out on plant extracts,bacteriophage and gene editing in order to find new solution to this problem.For example,it has been found that extracts from some kinds of plants have the characteristics of anti-bacteria,anti-inflammation and immune enhancement.Gene editing technology could be used to knock out specific drug resistance genes,and some bacteriophages can specifically kill Klebsiella pneumoniae originated from animals.These studies bring new hopes for the clinical treatment and control of Klebsiella pneumoniae related diseases.

关 键 词：肺炎克雷伯氏菌 耐药基因 质粒 耐药基因传播 植物提取物 噬菌体 基因编辑 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]