重估与拓新:21世纪以来美国自然主义文学研究趋势  

Revaluation and Innovation:Research Trends in American Literary Naturalism since the 21st Century

作　　者：程心[1] Cheng Xin

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学英语学院

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2023年第2期172-186,共15页English and American Literary Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“新世纪之交美国新种族冒充小说研究”(21BWW040)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：20世纪80年代以前,美国自然主义文学研究式微。通过考察21世纪以来的研究成果,本文认为其再现复兴之貌,并呈现出重估美国自然主义文学本质和拓新主题的发展态势:研究界试图修正美国自然主义的悲观决定论底色,重新思考人的主体性及其与周围环境的互动关系;重估美国自然主义文学“白人男性文类”的特征,揭露性别种族等权力的深层结构;拓新关于自然、环境等非人类处境的隐喻,辩证地理解人类在个人、社会空间中的位置。Before the 1980s,the study of American naturalist literature was on the decline.By analyzing recent research in the field,this paper asserts that American naturalist literature has undergone a revitalization since the 21st century,characterized by reevaluating its essence and exploring novel themes.One notable trend among scholars is their concerted effort to revise the pessimistic determinism that has traditionally defined American naturalism,instead prioritizing a nuanced understanding of human subjectivity and the complex interplay between individuals and their environments.Additionally,scholars have interrogated the previously unquestioned dominance of the“white male canon”within American naturalism,exposing the deeply ingrained structures of power that underlie representations of race,gender,and other identities.Finally,this paper discusses the emergence of innovative metaphors that offer a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between humans and their surroundings.These new perspectives enable a dialectical appreciation of the position of man within both individual and societal spaces.

关 键 词：美国自然主义文学 重估 拓新 研究趋势 

分 类 号：I712.06[文学—其他各国文学]