“不瞄准的瞄准”:《西摩:小传》诠释的文学与教育之道  

Achieving an Aim Without Aiming at It:The Way for Literature and Education in Seymour An Introduction

作　　者：黎清群 Li Qingqun

机构地区：[1]闽江学院外国语学院

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2023年第2期200-212,共13页English and American Literary Studies

基　　金：福建省社会科学基金一般项目“塞林格的教育书写与道家影响研究”(FJ2021B097)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：J.D.塞林格的小说《西摩:小传》中,“不瞄准的瞄准”是主人公西摩对执着于赢得一场弹子游戏的弟弟的劝谏,更蕴含着身为诗人兼大学教师的主人公西摩对于文学和教育的主张,那便是:文学写作要让真朴之情自然流露,文学阅读(评论)要专注作品心无旁骛,文学教育要祛除功利回归诗意。这种摒弃人的主观执念、让文学和教育是其所是、循其本然的主张,内在地契合“无为而无不为”“道法自然”等道家思想,是对文学与教育之道的精当诠释。In Salinger's novel Seymour An Introduction,the phrase“achieving an aim without aiming at it”is the protagonist Seymour's advice to his younger brother,who is ambitious enough to win his opponent in a ball-game.It also concisely expresses the idea of Seymour,a poet and college teacher,on the principles of literature and education:in literature,writers should express their sincere feeling,readers/reviewers should concentrate their attention on the works,and literature education should hold on to its poetic sentiment.What it holds on is to cast away humanity's intention,letting literature and education follow their own respective principles.This idea accords well with the Taoist thought of“acting through non-action”and“following the way of naturalness”,and thus becomes an exact illustration for both literature and education.

关 键 词：J.D.塞林格 《西摩:小传》 文学与教育 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]