大连地区夏季高温变化特征及一次异常高温事件成因分析  

Characteristic of summer high temperature and analysis of the causes of abnormal high temperature in 2018 over Dalian area

作　　者：张黎红 侯严泽 王丽娜[2] ZHANG Lihong;HOU Yanze;WANG Lina(Dalian Meteorological Service Center,Dalian 116001,China;Dalian Weather Modification Office,Dalian 116001,China)

机构地区：[1]大连市气象服务中心,辽宁大连116001 [2]大连市人工影响天气办公室,辽宁大连116001

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期540-545,共6页Journal of Liaoning Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：中国气象局决策气象服务专项项目(JCZX2020005)。

摘　　要：利用大连地区自动气象站逐时气温资料、常规观测资料和ECMWF逐日再分析资料(1×1),对夏季高温气候特征的变化趋势及年代际分布特点进行探讨,并对2018年盛夏出现的异常高温事件可能影响机制进行初步分析.结果表明:①大连地区夏季平均日最高气温呈显著上升趋势,出现了“升降升”的阶段性变化.平均日最高气温的空间演变具有明显地域特点,临近黄海北部地区增温趋势大于靠近渤海西部地区.②夏季高温日数整体变化呈增加趋势,且空间分布受海洋气候影响非常大;③进入21世纪,区域性高温过程发生频率在增加,高温事件影响范围在扩大;④西太平洋副热带高压异常偏西、偏北、偏强,是2018年盛夏出现异常持续高温最重要、最直接的原因;⑤大气强烈下沉作用和辐射增温,是出现极端高温天气的有利条件.Based on the hourly temperature from Dalian’s automatic weather stations,conventional observation data and daily reanalysis data of European numerical center (1×1),the changing trend and interdecadal distribution characteristics of summer high temperature in Dalian area are discussed,and the possible influence of abnormal high temperature events in midsummer 2018 is analyzed. The results show that:① The daily maximum temperature in Dalian shows a significant upward trend in summer,which shows a change of “rise and fall”. The space variation of the daily maximum temperature has obvious regional characteristics,and the warming trend in the northern part of the Yellow Sea is greater than that in the western part of the Bohai Sea.② The number of high temperature days in summer is increasing. The spatial distribution is greatly affected by the marine climate. ③ In the 21st century,the frequency of regional high temperature process is increasing,and the influence range of high temperature events is expanding. ④ The anomaly of West Pacific subtropical high is west,north and strong,which is the most important and direct reason for the abnormal high temperature in the midsummer of 2018. ⑤ The strong atmospheric subsidence and radiation warming are the favorable conditions for the occurrence of extreme high temperature weather.

关 键 词：高温 西太平洋副热带高压 下沉气流 青藏高压 

分 类 号：P423[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]