天祝县高寒阴湿区35份燕麦主要性状的遗传多样性分析及生产性能综合评价  

Genetic diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation of 35 oat varieties in high cold and humid areas of Tianzhu County

作　　者：李德明 张榕 武慧娟 耿小丽 刘乾 LI Deming;ZHANG Rong;WU Huijuan;GENG Xiaoli;LIU Qian(Grassland Technology Extension Station of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730010,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省草原技术推广总站,甘肃兰州730010

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第12期3114-3123,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：草品种审定评价推广项目(CZFY20220018);甘肃省当家草品种示范推广(KJCX2021011)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜高寒阴湿地区种植的饲用燕麦(Avena sativa)品种,本研究采用田间随机区组设计,对35份燕麦种质资源在天祝县生产性能差异及遗传多样性进行评价,通过对14个表型性状进行遗传多样性分析,10个数量性状进行聚类分析和主成分分析,在主成分分析的基础上综合评价了35份燕麦材料的生产性能,旨在促进现有燕麦种质资源充分利用及培育适合高寒阴湿地区种植燕麦品种。结果表明:14个性状的遗传多样性指数均高,最高的是叶长,为1.87,其次是株高和茎粗;性状变异系数最大的是有效分蘖数,为25.12%,其次是分蘖数和穗长。主成分分析显示,10个数量性状转化成可以代表原有指标86.35%信息量的4个主成分,第1至第4主成分分别反映轮层数、分蘖数、根长和叶宽。聚类分析将参试品种划分为4类,种质类群Ⅰ和类群Ⅱ未发现突出特点,以矮秆或分蘖多为育种目标的类群Ⅲ作为亲本材料,以高秆和长穗为育种目标的类群Ⅳ作为亲本材料。To select forage oat(Avena sativa)varieties suitable for cultivation in alpine and humid regions,this study was conducted to evaluate differences in production performance and genetic diversity among 35 oat germplasm resources in Tianzhu County using a randomized group design in the field,and to analyze the genetic diversity of 14 phenotypic traits and 10 quantitative traits by cluster analysis and principal component analysis.The aim was to promote the full use of existing oat germplasm resources and to identify oat varieties suitable for cultivation in alpine and humid regions.Our results revealed a high genetic diversity index for the 14 examined traits.Leaves displayed the highest diversity index at 1.87,followed by plant height and stem diameter.The largest coefficient of variation was for the number of effective tillers(25.12%),followed by tiller number and spike length.Principal component analysis transformed 10 phenotypic traits into 4 principal components that could represent 86.35%of the original index.The first principal component reflects the number of layers.The second principal component reflects the number of tillers.The third principal component reflects root length,and the fourth principal component reflects leaf width.Cluster analysis divided 35 germplasm resources into 4 groups.No outstanding characteristics were found in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ. Group Ⅲ is the target parent for breeding dwarf or tiller, and group Ⅳ is the breeding target for high stalk and long spike.

关 键 词：高寒阴湿地区 燕麦 表型性状 遗传多样性 聚类分析 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]