先进功能材料钎焊连接研究进展  

Research progress on brazing of advanced functional materials

作　　者：常青[1] 张丽霞[1] Chang Qing;Zhang Lixia(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学,先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《机械制造文摘（焊接分册）》2023年第5期1-11,共11页Welding Digest of Machinery Manufacturing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2167216);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3401102)。

摘　　要：以复相陶瓷、纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料以及热电材料为例,从钎料成分设计、钎缝界面组织调控、接头残余应力缓解以及钎焊接头性能评测等角度,讨论了近年来发表的研究成果。结果表明,在钎料中添加活性元素以及对母材表面改性的方法,能够有效改善钎料润湿性和界面结合强度;对于界面元素扩散以及母材过渡溶解的问题,可以设计制备复合钎料或阻隔层进行解决;接头残余应力的大小受材料热膨胀系数差异的影响较大,目前已提出了多孔中间层、梯度复合层以及母材表面机械加工等多种创新方法,但研究成果的应用仍停留在小尺寸样件,对于缓解大尺寸接头的残余应力问题仍有待解决。最后对相关研究方向进行了总结和展望,期望推动航空航天构件连接的发展进程。Taking multiphase ceramics,fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites and thermoelectric materials as examples,this paper discusses the researches published in recent years which focused on the composition design of filler metals,microstructure controlling of brazed interface,residual stress mitigation of brazed joints and performance evaluation of brazed joints.The results show that the wettability and interfacial bonding strength can be improved effectively by adding active elements to filler metals or modifying the surface of base metal.For the element diffusion of interface and the transitional dissolution of base metal,composite filler metals or barrier layer can be designed and prepared to solve these problems.The residual stress of brazed joint is greatly affected by the difference of thermal expansion coefficient of brazing materials.At present,various novel solutions have been proposed,such as adding porous interlayer,preparing gradient composite layer and machining of base metal surface.However,the application of research results is still limited to small size samples.The problem of relieving the residual stress of large size joints remains to be solved.Ultimately,the prospect of the interest in future research is concluded.It is expected to promote the domestic manufacturing of aerospace and weapons equipment.

关 键 词：复相陶瓷 纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料 热电材料 钎焊 

分 类 号：TG456[金属学及工艺—焊接]