职业足球运动员薪酬管理问题研究:影响因素、水平差异与约束制度  

A Study on Pay Management for Professional Football Players:Influencing Factors,Variations,and Regulatory Frameworks

作　　者：杨铄[1] 李旦宜 冷唐蒀 YANG Shuo;LI Danyi;LENG Tangyun(College of Physical Education,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;NingboTech University,Ningbo 315100,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学体育学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]浙大宁波理工学院,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《体育科学》2023年第7期46-55,共10页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BTY034)。

摘　　要：职业足球运动员的薪酬水平与球员竞技能力、国籍、年龄和位置等个体因素有着密切关联,也会受到联赛运营状况、国家市场规模、娱乐产业发展水平等外部因素影响,其控制与管理是职业俱乐部和联赛实现健康运营和可持续发展的重要环节。研究基于对11个国家6377名男子职业足球运动员薪酬数据的分析,定量化地呈现了当前全球职业足球运动员薪酬供给体系的倾斜式结构特征,并对不同国家针对球队总体薪酬和球员个人薪酬设置的约束制度进行了梳理。研究认为,当前我国职业足球发展中存在的主体运营能力不足、高水平球员供需失衡、薪酬制度体系不完善等问题,造成了球员薪酬失衡等管理问题的出现。在未来的薪酬管理中,应当以确立“收支平衡”的经营理念为起点,通过对接国际球员劳动力市场,不断优化职业联赛中高水平球员的供需匹配,对薪酬管理制度体系进行科学化的重构,进而推动我国职业足球联赛的可持续发展。The pay levels of professional football players are closely linked to individual factors such as players’athletic abilities,nationality,age,and position.They are also influenced by external factors such as the operational conditions of leagues,the size of national markets,and the level of development in the entertainment industry.Pay control and management are vital components for the healthy operation and sustainable development of professional clubs and leagues.This study,based on the analysis of pay data from 6377 male professional footballers across 11 countries,quantitatively highlights the characteristic skewed structure of the global supply system for professional footballers’pay.Furthermore,it examines the regulatory systems established by different countries for team-wide pay and individual players’pay.The study identifies issues in the current development of professional football in our country,including inadequate core operational capabilities,imbalances in the supply and demand of high-level players,and an incomplete pay system,resulting in problems such as pay disparities among players.In future pay management,it is recommended to start with the establishment of a“revenue-expenditure balance”concept,continuously optimize the alignment of high-level players’supply and demand in professional leagues by connecting with the international player market,scientifically reconstruct the pay management system,and thereby promote the sustainable development of professional football leagues in our country.

关 键 词：职业足球 职业体育联赛 运动员薪酬 约束制度 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]