江西高安盆地旧石器遗址调查简报  

A preliminary report on the survey of Paleolithic sites in Gao’an Basin,Jiangxi Province

作　　者：李三灵 赵文杰 高玉 李浩 LI Saning;ZHAO Wenjie;GAO Yu;LI Hao(School of History and Culture,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001;Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Heritage and Archaeology,Nanchang 330095;State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Resources and Environment(TPESER),Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation Group,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101)

机构地区：[1]河南大学历史文化学院,开封475001 [2]江西省文物考古研究院,南昌330095 [3]中国科学院青藏高原研究所古生态与人类适应团队,青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《人类学学报》2023年第6期807-814,共8页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：青藏高原地球系统基础科学中心项目(CTPES,41988101)。

摘　　要：近年来,通过对江西高安盆地开展旧石器考古调查,在锦江第二、三级阶地发现旧石器遗址23处,采集具有代表性的石制品96件。石制品类型包括石核、石片、石器和断块,原料均为脉石英,尺寸以小型为主,微型和中型次之。石核剥片以锤击法为主,辅以砸击法。石器修理均为锤击法,石片毛坯占比高,修理程度有限,石器类型以刮削器为主,另有少量锯齿刃器和钻。不同遗址石器技术特征相近,都具有小型石片石器工业特点。从埋藏地层、石器技术面貌等来看,调查发现遗址的年代与盆地内已经发掘的上湖遗址年代相近,处于深海氧同位素2阶段(MIS 2)。高安盆地旧石器遗址群的发现,为探讨中国南北方人群迁徙、交流,以及古人类在面对MIS 2阶段,尤其末次盛冰期极端气候事件时的适应策略等问题提供了重要材料。Through the field investigation of Paleolithic sites in the Gao’an Basin,Jiangxi Province,twenty-three Paleolithic sites have been found on the second and third terraces of the Jinjiang river,along with the collection of 96 stone artifacts.The types of stone artifacts include cores(n=9),flakes(n=39),incomplete flakes(n=12),tools(n=31),and chunks(n=5),and all of them were made on vein quartz.Freehand hard hammer percussion was the primary flaking technique,with the supplement of bipolar technique.Scrapers are the predominant tool type(n=28),followed by a small number of denticulates(n=2)and borer(n=1).Most of tools were produced on flakes(61.3%),others were made on chunks(38.7%),with an overall limited degree of retouching.The lithic assemblages are mainly small(75.0%)in size,followed by miniaturized(18.8%)and medium size(6.2%).In particular,the average size for cores is 43.6×32.9×25.1 mm,for complete flakes is 29.1×22.4×9.3 mm,and for tools is 33.1×25.8×13.1 mm.The technological and morphological characteristics of lithic assemblages are similar among different sites,all of which show a consistent small-flake tools industry.In addition,all artifacts were either yielded from the homogenous red clay deposits or discovered on the surface of these deposits.According to the dating results of Shanghu site in the region,it is very likely that the occupation of the Gao’an Basin could be traced back to ca.26,000 years ago,i.e.,the early stage of the Marine Isotope Stage 2(MIS 2).The discovery of Paleolithic sites in the Gao’an Basin shed important lights on the migration and interaction of populations between northern and southern China,as well as the adaptational strategies of hominins under the extreme climatic events of the MIS 2,especially the Last Glacial Maximum.

关 键 词：高安盆地 脉石英 小型石片石器 MIS 2 

分 类 号：K871[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]