重庆市西北涪江流域旧石器考古调查  

An archaeological investigation of Paleolithic materials in the Fujiang River Basin,Northwest Chongqing

作　　者：贺存定 张瑾 高磊 贺欣熠 李大地 HE Cunding;ZHANG Jin;GAO Lei;HE Xinyi;LI Dadi(China-Central Asia“the Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research,Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation,School of Culture Heritage,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127;Chongqing Cultural Relics and Archaeology Research Institute,Chongqing 400015)

机构地区：[1]中国-中亚人类与环境“一带一路”联合实验室,文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室,西北大学文化遗产学院,西安710127 [2]重庆市文物考古研究院,重庆400015

出　　处：《人类学学报》2023年第6期815-826,共12页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：渝西嘉陵江流域旧石器考古调查与研究。

摘　　要：2022年3-4月,重庆市文物考古研究院与西北大学文化遗产学院联合在渝西北涪江流域开展了旧石器考古专项调查。调查队在涪江下游各级阶地新发现旧石器地点46处,采集石制品833件,绝大部分石制品因脱层而暴露于地表,少量出自地层断面。石制品原料单一,剥片技术多样,类型丰富,形态与尺寸差异极大。从技术与类型方面来看,至少包含了砾石石器工业、石片石器工业和阿舍利石器工业,尤其是手斧、手镐、薄刃斧等器物组合和大石片技术产品是本次调查的主要发现。综合地质、阶地地貌及地层堆积物特征分析,这些遗址的时代跨度可能不大,大致应集中在中-晚更新世。本次调查发现表明,涪江流域也是古人类迁徙扩散和生存演化的活跃地带,尤其是对阿舍利手斧技术的分布和传播路径研究具有重要意义。The Paleolithic archaeological work in the Fujiang River valley in northwestern Chongqing is almost blank.In the early years,sporadic archaeological surveys and excavations were carried out in Hechuan,with a small number of paleolithic artifacts discovered,making it difficult to fully understand the distribution of paleolithic sites and the technical facets of the lithic industry in this area.On the occasion of the joint archaeological survey of the Fujiang River valley conducted by Sichuan and Chongqing,the Chongqing Cultural Relics and Archaeology Research Institute and School of Culture Heritage of Northwest University collaborated to carry out a special survey of Paleolithic archaeology in the Fujiang River Valley,from March to April 2022.This survey had discovered 46 new Paleolithic sites,densely distributed in the 3-8 terraces on both sides of the main stream of Fujiang River,a total of 833 lithic artifacts were collected.Most of the lithic artifacts came from ground surface,a few were found in the exposed strata.After preliminary analysis,we can found out that the raw materials of lithic artifacts were mostly taken from the gravel layer nearby,they were made of a single raw material,with quartzite taking the absolute advantage.Also lithic artifacts revealed various knapping methods,large flakes production technology was extremely mature.There were many types of the artifacts,especially the combination of hand axes,picks,and cleavers-like tools and the productions of large flakes technology were featured.The majority of the tools were made by flakes,their working edges appeared to be retouched by one-side direct hammer percussion,the retouched scars mostly was single layer.The overall size of the lithic artifacts was thick and heavy,the large sizes dominated,with medium and huge sizes also making up a significant fraction of the total,the shape and size of lithic artifacts varied greatly.From a technological and typological perspective,at least three different techniques can be observed from these lithic ar

关 键 词：重庆 涪江 石制品 手斧 

分 类 号：K871.11[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]