战国楚简所见楚人犬祭礼俗初论  

Preliminary Analysis of the Dog Sacrificial Rituals of the Chu State in Chu Bamboo Slip Records

作　　者：马萧林 刘丁辉 Ma Xiaolin;Liu Dinghui

机构地区：[1]河南大学历史文化学院 [2]河南博物院

出　　处：《考古与文物》2023年第5期70-77,共8页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“新郑郑韩故城制骨作坊出土骨料的整理与研究”(编号:19BKG040)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：包山、新蔡等战国楚简材料的陆续公布和研究,使研究者认识到在楚文化中存在着以犬为祭牲的礼俗。通过对楚简所见有关犬祭辞例的分析,并结合相关研究成果和考古发现,对楚文化犬祭礼俗的内涵与方式进行了解读。商代已有以犬牲祭路和祀门的现象,且背景、内涵和方式与楚文化中的犬祭有相通之处,楚简中有关犬祭的辞例在行文结构上也与甲骨卜辞极为接近,暗示着楚文化中的犬祭礼俗与商代以犬为祭牲的现象有着重要渊源。The publication and ongoing research of the Chu bamboo slips,such as those discovered at the Baoshan and Xincai sites,have revealed that dog sacrificial ritual existed in the Chu culture.Through juxtaposing a textual analysis of related sacrificial records in Chu bamboo slips with related literature research and archaeological discoveries,this article further clarifies the content and specific rites of the dog sacrificial ritual in the Chu state.The authors point out that the phenomenon of using dog for road offering and door offering existed in the Shang period shows a high extent of similarity with the context,background,and specific rites revealed by the dog sacrificial ritual in the Chu culture.Also,the grammatic structures of dog sacrificial records in bamboo slips mirror oracle bones divination records.These patterns indicate that the Shang dog sacrificial rituals might have been an important origin for the dog sacrificial rituals in the Chu culture.

关 键 词：楚简 楚文化 犬祭 商文化 

分 类 号：K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K231[历史地理—历史学] B933[哲学宗教—宗教学]