拜登政府非法移民政策改革及前景  

Assessing the Biden Administration’s Efforts to Reform US Illegal Immigration Policy

作　　者：欧歌 李永辉[1] Ou Ge;Li Yonghui

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学国际关系学院,北京100089

出　　处：《区域国别学刊》2023年第6期96-112,157,158,共19页COUNTRY AND AREA STUDIES

摘　　要：拜登政府致力于非法移民政策改革。拜登上任后采取放松非法移民执法、恢复完善庇护制度、实施移民区域管理战略、推动移民改革立法等措施,全方位推行非法移民“新政”。改革取得了一定成效,但相对宽松的政策造成边境非法移民激增,并引发人道主义危机。同时,改革面临共和党的猛烈抨击与边境州的坚决抵制。而拜登政府在相关政策上的遇挫“回摆”又招致移民派的不满。在社会矛盾叠加、两党恶斗不断、“文化战争”勃兴的背景下,拜登政府的非法移民政策改革或将引发更大争议,陷入长期震荡,非法移民问题也会持续困扰并进一步撕裂美国。The Biden administration is committed to reforming illegal immigration policy.Upon taking office,it implemented a comprehensive new approach by relaxing law enforcement targeting undocumented immigrants,restoring and improving the asylum system,pursuing regional management strategies,and promoting legislative reform.Some results were achieved,but relatively permissive initial policies contributed to a surge in illegal border crossings and humanitarian crisis,sparking fierce Republican criticism and resistance from border states.The administration also drew disappointment from immigration supporters when it retreated on certain policies in response to setbacks.Against the backdrop of intensifying social divisions,partisan gridlock,and cultural clashes,Biden’s reform efforts may invite more controversy and long-term challenges.The complex issue of illegal immigration looks set to continue plaguing and polarizing America for the foreseeable future.

关 键 词：拜登政府 非法移民 边境危机 2022中期选举 

分 类 号：D83[政治法律—政治学] D87[政治法律—外交学]