早期开食对雏鹅卵黄囊吸收和卵巢发育的影响  

Effects of early feeding on yolk sac absorption and ovarian development in goslings

作　　者：刘政权 赵羽彤 常鹏辉 陈玉飞[1] 陈兴勇[1,2] LIU Zhengquan;ZHAO Yutong;CHANG Penghui;CHEN Yufei;CHEN Xingyong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Anhui Prov-ince Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学地方畜禽遗传资源保护与生物育种安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2023年第6期31-38,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(2020B004-2-1);安徽省高校科学研究生项目(YJS20210224);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2308085MC101)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在探究雏鹅育雏期开食对卵黄囊吸收和后期卵巢发育的影响。【方法】试验筛选体质量差异(90.32±2)g的1日龄母雏鹅126只,随机分为开食组和禁食组,每组3个重复,每个重复42只。出雏后48、60、72 h每个重复取3只雏鹅称质量后屠宰取卵黄囊并称质量,气相色谱分析卵黄囊脂肪酸组成;于1、2、3、4周龄末每个重复取3只雏鹅称质量,屠宰后卵巢称质量,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色法观察卵巢结构,实时荧光定量PCR检测卵泡发育调控相关细胞周期检测点激酶1(CHK1)、成纤维生长因子12(FGF12)和SMAD同源物4(SMAD4)基因相对表达量。【结果】开食组体质量在48h至4周龄末均显著高于禁食组(P<0.05)。卵黄囊中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)主要由C16:0、C18:0、C22:0、C16:1、C18:1n9t和C20:4n6组成。开食组4周龄末卵巢质量、原始卵泡数、初级卵泡数和原始卵泡直径显著高于禁食组(P<0.05)。开食组1、2和4周龄CHK1表达量显著高于禁食组(P<0.05),开食组1、2和3周龄FGF12和SMAD4表达量显著高于禁食组(P<0.05)。【结论】48 h开食有助于确保雏鹅获得较高的体质量,且可促进雏鹅脂肪酸吸收,并上调CHK1、FGF12、SMAD4卵巢发育相关基因表达,促进雏鹅卵泡发育。【Objective】To study the effects of diet on yolk sac absorption and late ovarian development in goslings.【Method】A total of 1261-day-old female goslings with a body weight difference of(90.32±2)g were screened in the experiment,and they were randomly divided into a fed group and a fasting group,with 3 replicates in each group,42 in each replicate.At 48,60,and 72 hours after hatching,3 goslings from each replicate were weighed,and the yolk sacs were collected and weighed.The fatty acid composition of the yolk sac fluid was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).At 1,2,3,and 4 weeks of age,goslings from each replicate were weighed,the ovaries were weighed and fixed for hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,and cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1(CHK1),fibroblast growth factor 12(FGF12),and Sma-and Mad-related protein 4(SMAD4)genes,which are involved in the regulation of ovarian follicle development,were determined by qRT-PCR.【Result】The body weight of the feeding group was significantly higher than that of the fasting group from 48 hours to the end of 4 weeks(P<0.05).Saturated fatty acids(SFA),monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA)and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)in the yolk sac were mainly composed of C16:0,C18:0,C22:0,C16:1,C18:1n9t and C20:4n6.The ovar-ian weight,the number of primordial follicles,the number of primary follicles and the diameter of primordial follicles in the feeding group were significantly higher than those in the fasting group at the end of 4 weeks(P<0.05).The expression of CHK1 in the diet group was significantly higher than that in the fasting group at 1,2 and 4 weeks of age(P<0.05),and the expression of FGF12 and SMAD4 in the diet group were sig-nificantly higher than that in the fasting group at 1,2 and 3 weeks of age(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Feeding for 48 hours could promote yolk sac fatty acid uptake,body weight gain and ovarian development by upregu-lating the expression of CHK1,FGF12 and SMAD4.

关 键 词：雏鹅 早期开食 卵黄囊吸收 卵巢发育 细胞周期检测点激酶1 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]