临湖铁矿开采采场围岩裂隙演化规律及防治水技术研究  

Research on the Evolution Laws of Surrounding Rock Fractures and Water Control Techniques in a Lakeside Iron Ore Mining

作　　者：苏成志 齐跃明[1] 景佳俊 SU Chengzhi;QI Yueming;JING Jiajun(School of Resources and Earth Sciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;The Fifth Geological Brigade of Jiangsu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xuzhou 221004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]江苏省地质矿产局第五地质大队,江苏徐州221004

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第12期196-203,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52274243)

摘　　要：压占资源的安全开采是当前矿区生产的难点之一。以往对于水体、建筑物、铁路下的矿产安全开采研究以煤矿居多,而铁矿山的研究甚少,特别是水文地质条件复杂地区。为解放被地表水体压占的铁矿资源,在深入分析水文地质条件的基础上,以某临湖铁矿为例,利用“下三带”理论、塑性力学公式和岩石力学模拟等,对铁矿矿段开采进行应力、位移分析及导水裂隙带预测,探究了含断层矿层开采造成的采场围岩裂隙演化规律以及断层的导水能力变化情况。结果表明,上盘岩层底端因为断层而出现应力集中现象,最大应力达到11.53 MPa。围岩应力在采掘扰动作用下发生较大范围改变,造成底板破坏带最大达到1.91 m。而断层带及其附近隔水性能变化极小,未造成工作面与湖水沟通。提出采用矿井充填、隔水层再造以及底板注浆改造等方式来防治临湖铁矿水害。研究成果可以为该铁矿水害防治及后续开采方式优化提供依据,同时也为类似矿区提供借鉴。The safe exploitation of occupied resources is one of the difficulties in current mine production.Previous studies on the safe mining of minerals under water bodies,buildings,and railways were mostly based on coal mines,and few studies were conducted on iron ore mines,especially in areas with complex hydrogeological conditions.In order to liberate the iron ore resources occupied by the surface water bodies,taking a lakeside iron ore as an example,based on a thorough analysis of the hydrogeological conditions,using the"the lower three zones"theory,plastic mechanics formulas and rock mechanics simulation,etc.,the stress and displacement analysis and water-conducting fracture zone prediction of the iron ore mining section were carried out,and the fracture evolution law of the surrounding rock of the mining field caused by the mining of the faultcontaining ore body and the water-conducting capacity change of the fault were explored.The results show that the bottom end of the upper rock layer has stress concentration phenomenon due to the fault,and the maximum stress reaches 11.53 MPa.The stress of the surrounding rock changes in a large range under the influence of mining disturbance,resulting in a maximum damage zone of 1.91 m in the floor.However,the water-blocking performance of the fault zone and its vicinity changes very little,and does not cause communication between the working face and the lake water.It is proposed to use mine filling,water-blocking layer reconstruction and floor grouting transformation to prevent and control water hazards in lake-adjacent iron ore mines.The research results can provide a basis for water hazard prevention and control and subsequent mining method optimization for this iron ore mine,and also provide a reference for similar mining areas.

关 键 词：近水体采矿 断层带 围岩裂隙演化 充填开采 水害防治 

分 类 号：TD743[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]