结构性政策对绿色低碳发展的作用——基于DSGE模型的分析  

The Impact of Structural Policies on Green and Low Carbon Development--Analysis based on DSGE Model

作　　者：王懋雄 赵晟骜 张柏杨 Wang Maoxiong;Zhao Sheng'ao;Zhang Baiyang

机构地区：[1]中国人民银行四川省分行,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西南金融》2023年第11期58-72,共15页Southwest Finance

摘　　要：绿色低碳发展是社会经济的一种结构性调整,同时也面临着诸如绿色外部性等问题。根据以往研究和实践经验,结构性政策往往是解决结构性矛盾的有效方法。本文通过构建包含清洁型、污染型两类异质性企业的DSGE模型,创新性地将污染企业碳排放对社会产生的环境负面影响作为一种使居民产生“无效消费”的负外部性引入模型,研究了定向贴息、定向降准、绿色再贷款、碳税等四种结构性政策对绿色低碳发展的影响。研究发现:对于总产出而言,除贴息影响不大外,另外三种结构性政策的正向冲击均有较明显的负面影响;对于碳存量而言,定向降准、绿色再贷款和碳税的正向冲击都有显著抑制作用。基于此,本文结合绿色低碳发展实践提出相应政策建议,以期为构建绿色低碳发展政策体系提供参考。Green low-carbon development is a kind of structural adjustment of social economy,and it also faces problems such as green externalities.According to past research and practical experience,structural policies are often an effective way to resolve structural conflicts.By constructing a DSGE model with two types of heterogeneous enterprises including clean and polluting,this paper innovatively introduces the negative environmental impact of carbon emissions of polluting enterprises on society as a negative externality that causes"inefficient consumption"among residents,and investigates the impact of four structural policies,including targeted interest rate subsidy,targeted RRR cuts,green refinancing,and carbon tax,which are being used or may be effective based on past experience,on green low-carbon development.It is found that for the total output,except for the interest rate subsidy,the positive shocks of the other three structural policies have a more obvious negative impact;for the carbon stock,the positive shocks of targeted RRR cuts,green refinancing and carbon tax also have significant inhibiting effects.Based on this,this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations in the light of green lowcarbon development practice,so as to provide reference for the construction of green low-carbon development policy system.

关 键 词：绿色低碳发展 绿色金融 绿色经济 结构性政策 货币政策 财政政策 碳税 碳减排 

分 类 号：F015[经济管理—政治经济学] F821.0F811.0