生物炭负载NH_(4)^(+)-N对烤烟农艺性状与氮素吸收利用的影响  

Effect of Biochar-loaded NH_(4)^(+)-N on Agronomic Traits,Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：马晓刚 张锦韬 杜小冰 卢珊 武东玲[4] 李梦竹 王惠[4] MA Xiaogang;ZHANG Jintao;DU Xiaobing;LU Shan;WU Dongling;LI Mengzhu;WANG Hui(Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao Shandong 266101;China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Changsha Hunan 410000;Yingtan Committee of China Democratic League,Yingtan Jiangxi 335000;Luoyang Company,Henan Tobacco Company,Luoyang Henan 471000)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101 [2]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,湖南长沙410000 [3]民盟鹰潭市委会,江西鹰潭335000 [4]河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第24期23-28,共6页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：利用生物炭进行面源污染水体NH_(4)^(+)-N农田回用,对于化学氮肥减施意义重大。本研究通过土柱试验,探讨了等氮量(90 kg/hm2)条件下不同比例生物炭负载NH_(4)^(+)-N替代化肥氮(生物炭负载NH_(4)^(+)-N分别占总氮的0%、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%)对烤烟农艺性状和烤烟氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明:60%替代比例最有利于改善烤烟农艺性状,其茎围最大、有效叶片数最多、最大叶长和最大叶面积最高;同时,60%替代比例可显著提高烤烟生物量、氮肥表观利用率、氮肥农学效率、氮肥生理效率和氮肥偏生产力。可见,生物炭负载NH_(4)^(+)-N不能完全替代普通化学氮肥,以60%为最佳替代比例。Using biochar to reuse NH_(4)^(+)-N in non-point source polluted water bodies for farmland is of great significance for reducing the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizers.Under equal nitrogen content(90 kg/hm2)conditions,this study investigated the effects of different proportions of biochar-loaded NH_(4)^(+)-N replacing nitrogen fertilizer(biochar-loaded NH_(4)^(+)-N accounting for 0%,20%,40%,60%,80%,and 100%of total nitrogen,respectively)on the agronomic traits,nitrogen absorption and utilization of flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that 60%substitution ratio was most beneficial for improving the agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco,with the largest stem circumference,the most effective leaf numbers,the maximum leaf length,and the maximum leaf area.Meanwhile,the 60%substitution ratio could significantly improve the biomass,nitrogen fertilizer apparent utilization efficiency,nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency,nitrogen fertilizer physiological efficiency,and nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity of flue-cured tobacco.It can be seen that biochar-loaded NH_(4)^(+)-N can′t completely replace ordinary chemical nitrogen fertilizer,and 60%is the optimal substitution ratio.

关 键 词：生物炭负载NH_(4)^(+)-N 烤烟 农艺性状 生物量 氮素利用效率 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]