微流体技术在家畜体外胚胎生产中的应用进展  

Application of Microfluidic Technologies in Livestock in vitro Embryo Production

作　　者：陈思颍 孙雅雯 李伉 刘硕 郝海生[1] 杜卫华[1] 邹惠影 朱化彬[1] 庞云渭[1] CHEN Siying;SUN Yawen;LI Kang;LIU Shuo;HAO Haisheng;DU Weihua;ZOU Huiying;ZHU Huabin;PANG Yunwei(Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2023年第12期4889-4897,共9页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1200301);安徽省肉牛良种攻关项目([2021]1146)。

摘　　要：体外胚胎生产技术是提高良种家畜繁殖效率的关键核心技术之一。然而,由于体内、外环境差异造成的卵母细胞成熟质量差、体外胚胎发育率低等问题严重制约了该技术的产业化应用。微流体技术是利用尺寸为几十到几百微米的微通道精确控制和操纵亚微米结构流体的科学与技术,由于其具有样品消耗少、分析速度快、高通量和高集成化等特点,正广泛应用于化学、医学、生命科学等领域。在家畜体外胚胎生产若干技术环节中,微流体技术显示出巨大的应用前景。本文综述了微流体技术在卵母细胞选择培养、精子分选、体外受精、体外胚胎培养以及配子和胚胎超低温冷冻保存中的应用进展,为提升家畜体外胚胎生产效率提供新思路。The technique of in vitro embryo production is one of the crucial technologies to improve the reproductive efficiency of elite livestock breeds.However,its industrialized application has been severely restricted due to the environmental variation of in vivo and in vitro,which leads to poor quality of matured-oocyte and decreased developmental potential of in vitro-generated embryo.Microfluidics can be considered as the science and technology of systems that precisely manipulate structure-fluid at a sub-micrometer level in a microchannel of tens to hundreds of micrometers.They have been extensively applied to the field like chemistry,medicine,and life science due to numerous characteristics,such as low sample consume,fast analysis speed,high-throughput,and high integration.Microfluidics systems possess huge application potentials in several key technical aspects involved in in vitro embryo production procedure.Hence,this review intends to summarize the current knowledge about the applications of microfluidics in oocyte selection and cultivation,sperm sorting,in vitro fertilization,in vitro embryo culture,and gamete and embryo cryopreservation,providing novel conceptions for enhancing the efficiency of in vitro embryo production of domestic animals.

关 键 词：微流体 卵母细胞 精子 胚胎 冷冻 

分 类 号：S814.6[农业科学—畜牧学]