以江苏省河流湖泊为例探讨基于物种与面积关系确定大型底栖动物最适及高效采样量  

Study on the Optimum and Efficient Sampling Area of Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrate Based on the Species-Area Relationship:A Case Study of Rivers and Lakes in Jiangsu

作　　者：张翔 沈伟 陈桥 徐东炯 ZHANG Xiang;SHEN Wei;CHEN Qiao;XU Dongjiong(Changzhou Environmental Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province,Changzhou 213001,China;Jiangsu Province Ecology and Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biomonitoring,Changzhou 213001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省常州环境监测中心,江苏常州213001 [2]江苏省生态环境水环境生物监测重点实验室,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2023年第6期189-197,共9页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：江苏省地方标准(JSZC-D2019-043-2)。

摘　　要：以江苏省河流湖泊为研究对象,选取不同水体代表性点位,运用多生境采样法和形态学鉴定获取淡水大型底栖无脊椎动物的物种数及对应的采样面积,拟合实际结果的物种数与面积关系对数函数曲线。所研究采样量包括采样面积值、样方及样带数。研究发现,不同水体点位最适采样量面积为1.45~12.75 m^(2),样方及样带总数为6~16个,其要求十分耗时耗力。为解决这一问题,以物种数与面积关系对数函数的一阶导数曲线y≈1值为临界点,提出“高效采样量”概念,并提出3条采样原则供讨论。同时得到江苏地区高效采样量:涉水可过河流采样面积为1.36 m^(2),涉水不可过河流采样面积为1.5 m^(2),不可涉水河流和浅水湖泊采样面积为1.75 m^(2),均需采集4个样方,1个样带。The paper took rivers and lakes in Jiangsu Province as the research object,and the representative points of different water bodies were selected.The number of species and corresponding sampling area of freshwater benthic macroinvertebrate were obtained by using multi-habitat sampling method and morphological identification,and the logarithm function curves of the relationship between species and area were fitted.The sampling conditions studied in this paper included sampling area,quadrat and transect.The research found the optimum sampling area at different water sites was 1.45-12.75 m 2,and the total number of quadrats and transects was 6-16,which was very time-consuming and labor-intensive.In order to solve the problem mentioned above,the area of y≈1 of the first derivative curve of the logarithmic function base on the relationship between species and area was taken as the critical point.The efficient sampling conditions concept and result were proposed,and meanwhile the three sampling principles was discussed.The efficient sampling conditions in Jiangsu were interpreted as following.The sampling area of rivers that can be crossed by wading was 1.36 m 2,1 transect and 4 quadrats were collected;The sampling area of rivers that cannot be crossed by wading is 1.5 m 2,1 transect and 4 quadrats were collected;The sampling area of non-wadeable rivers and shallow lakes was 1.75 m 2,1 transect and 4 quadrats were collected.

关 键 词：物种与面积关系对数函数曲线 最适采样量 高效采样量 实样分析 多生境采样法 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]