基于外调水入渠的冰期渠道水力热力协同调控方法  

Hydraulic-thermal synergistic control method of channel during ice period based on external water transfer into the channel

作　　者：穆祥鹏[1] 张哲琦 包娟 陈文学[1] 陈晓楠 MU Xiangpeng;ZHANG Zheqi;BAO Juan;CHEN Wenxue;CHEN Xiaonan(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;China South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Corporation Limited,Beijing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]中国南水北调集团中线有限公司,北京100036

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技（中英文）》2023年第6期1089-1097,共9页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U20A20316);水利青年科技英才资助项目。

摘　　要：为破解高纬度地区长距离渠道冬季冰盖下输水能力不足的问题,以一个梯形断面尺寸一定的渠道模型为例,利用数值模拟方法,分析气温、入渠水温、输水流量等热力和水力因子对冬季渠道水温沿程衰减的影响规律,并采用多元拟合的方法提出适合该断面尺寸渠道的不冻长度公式。分析两种离线水库补水模式对渠道水体的温控效果及补水流量、气温、补水水温对补水间距的影响,并将不冻长度公式用于补水间距的计算。研究表明:在接近冰点的渠道断面,通过外调水入渠,能够延长渠道不冻长度,可在一定输水距离范围内避免渠道结冰,从而解决长距离输水渠道冰期输水能力不足的问题。研究成果对长距离输水渠道冰害防治和冰期输水能力提升具有一定参考价值。With the large negative cumulative temperature of China’s northern latitude in winter,the ice conditions occurring in the channel are prone to develop into ice disasters such as ice jams and ice dams.For the consideration of disaster mitigation,water transmission in the channel during the ice period is often operated by controlling the flow velocity and Fr value,using the mode of water transmission under ice cover,i.e.,forming a stable ice cover,changing the heat exchange between water and the outside.However,this method of water conveyance reduces the water flow and restricts the engineering benefits.In the mode of water transmission under the ice cover,it is difficult to get a substantial increase in the way of water transmission capacity based on improving the accuracy of meteorological and ice forecasting,improving the efficiency and quality of hydraulic regulation to shorten the range and length of the channel section of the water transmission during the ice period.Therefore,the channel project with a certain size of trapezoidal section as an example was taken and the sensitive factors affecting the channel water temperature in the ice period was analyzed through a numerical simulation method.On this basis,the formula for the unfrozen length of the channel is obtained through multivariate fitting and researches the hydraulic-thermal synergistic regulation method of transferring water externally into the channel to eliminate the ice condition by increasing the heat of the channel water.According to the established ice-period water transfer model,a 60-km-long channel was simulated.The influence laws of winter air temperature,headwater temperature,and water delivery flow on the along-range attenuation of channel water temperature were analyzed,and the unfrozen length formula of the channel was obtained by the multivariate fitting,the temperature control effect of two offline recharge modes of reservoirs on the channel water body was analyzed,the influence of recharge flow,air temperature and recharge water te

关 键 词：冬季输水 不冻长度 水温 补水模式 调水工程 

分 类 号：TV68[水利工程—水利水电工程]