水玻璃改性聚氨酯灌浆材料制备与性能研究  

Preparation and properties of polyurethane grouting materials modified by waterglass

作　　者：王雷雨 邵晓妹[1,2] 胡靖宇 陈亮 魏涛[1] WANG Leiyu;SHAO Xiaomei;HU Jingyu;CHEN Liang;WEI Tao(Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Henan Branch of China South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Corporation Limited,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江科学院,武汉430010 [2]华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室,武汉430074 [3]中国南水北调集团中线有限公司河南分公司,郑州450016

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技（中英文）》2023年第6期1152-1158,共7页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3090104);水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022106);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2023325/TG2)。

摘　　要：针对聚氨酯灌浆材料在引调水隧洞不良地质体堵水加固处理中存在造价较高和力学强度较低等问题,采用水玻璃对聚氨酯材料改性,制备改性油溶性聚氨酯,研究多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯(PAPI)、水玻璃和催化剂添加量对材料抗压强度的影响,通过扫描电镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FI-IR)测试,研究改性聚氨酯的结构对性能的影响规律。结果表明:PAPI、水玻璃和催化剂添加量对试样强度影响大小顺序为水玻璃>催化剂>PAPI;当m(PAPI)∶m(水玻璃)∶m(催化剂)=20∶20∶1时,纯固化体抗压强度达到49.5 MPa,结石体抗压强度达到16.5 MPa,优于其他同类产品。进一步微观分析结果表明:改性后的聚氨酯材料表面均匀,无明显微裂纹,各部分连接为较好的整体;随着水玻璃用量的增加,波数在1050 cm^(-1)附近的红外特征吸收峰逐渐增强,聚合物链段中引入了无机Si—O键,该结构提高了聚氨酯的抗压强度。采用水玻璃改性制备的聚氨酯降低了使用成本,提高了材料力学强度,有望在引调水工程隧洞破碎围岩堵水加固处理中推广应用。During the construction of the headrace tunnel,water inrush and rock instability often occur when facing unfavorable geological bodies,causing project delays and equipment damage.Grouting has been used as a traditional and effective solution to water blocking and reinforcement to effectively avoid the occurrence of accidents.The grouting material is one of the important factors influencing the grouting effect.To realize the high-performance grouting treatment,a variety of grouting materials such as cement,ultrafine cement,sol-gel,waterglass,epoxy resin,polyurethane,and acrylate have been developed.Among grouting materials,polyurethane has been attracting tremendous attention in terms of its extraordinary properties.More specifically,the isocyanate group(—NCO)in polyurethane reacts with water rapidly,the secondary filling ability for micro-fractures due to carbon dioxide exerted from the reaction between—NCO and water,which is especially suitable for the treatment of water inrush.However,there are some drawbacks of polyurethane such as expensive and low compressive strength,which limits its practical applications.Given the problems such as high cost and low compressive strength of polyurethane grouting materials when it is used in water blocking and reinforcement of unfavorable geological bodies,the composite strategy is an important consideration in the performance improvement of grouting materials,such as PU/cement,and epoxy/cement.Some previous studies have shown that polyurethane/waterglass is an organic-inorganic hybrid material that integrates the advantages of both polyurethane and waterglass but avoid their drawbacks.To date,the highly efficient consolidation of polyurethane and waterglass grouting materials has been achieved.Oil-soluble polyurethane was modified by waterglass and the modified polyurethane was prepared successfully.However,the content of raw materials such as polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate(PAPI),waterglass,and catalyst has an impact on the compressive strength of the modified

关 键 词：引水隧洞 聚氨酯 水玻璃改性 化学灌浆材料 抗压强度 

分 类 号：TV44[水利工程—水工结构工程]