活性腐殖酸肥对花生叶片光合特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Active Humic Acid Fertilizer on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Peanut

作　　者：李芳汀 骆璐 孙伟 刘风珍[1] 万勇善[1] 谷明轩 张昆 LI Fang-ting;LUO Lu;SUN Wei;LIU Feng-zhen;WAN Yong-shan;GU Ming-xuan;ZHANG Kun(College of Agronomy,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China;Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018 [2]临沂市农业科学院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《花生学报》2023年第4期40-46,共7页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13)。

摘　　要：为明确活性腐殖酸肥对花生叶片光合特性及产量的影响,促进花生肥料高效利用及绿色可持续发展,选用山花9号花生品种为试验材料,设活性腐植酸肥750kg/hm^(2)(FS100)、活性腐植酸肥600kg/hm^(2)(FS80)、活性腐植酸肥525kg/hm^(2)(FS70)、普通三元复合肥750kg/hm^(2)(PS100)、不施肥(CK)5个处理,在花生饱果成熟期测定叶绿素含量、叶面积指数、净光合速率等光合相关指标及产量。结果表明:活性腐殖酸肥显著提高了花生叶片的光合能力,与普通三元复合肥处理相比,活性腐殖酸肥处理显著提高了花生的叶面积指数、叶绿素含量和净光合速率,其中,2021年FS80处理的叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、净光合速率分别提高了8.3%、18.6%、18.0%,2022年分别提高了6.2%、7.5%、12.2%。FS100和FS80处理两年的生物产量均显著提高;单株结果数两年分别提高20.8%、13.4%和17.6%、10.1%,平均单果质量分别提高5.9%、5.3%和5.2%、4.9%。荚果产量两年分别提高1.3%~13.7%、2.1%~14.3%。综上,活性腐殖酸肥可显著提高花生生育后期叶片光合能力,增加生物产量,从而促进花生荚果产量的提高。本试验在传统施肥用量上减施20%~30%,即施用525~600kg/hm^(2)活性腐殖酸肥可实现花生绿色高效生产。To clarify the effect of active humic acid fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of peanut,and to promote the efficient utilization of peanut fertilizer and the green and sustainable development,Shanhua9 was used as the test material,and five treatments were set as follows:active humic acid fertilizer 750 kg/ha(FS100),active humic acid fertilizer 600 kg/ha(FS80),active humic acid fertilizer 525 kg/ha(FS70),ordinary ternary compound fertilizer 750 kg/ha(PS100),no fertilization(CK).Chlorophyll content,leaf area index,net photosynthetic rate and yield related indexes were measured at the maturity stage of peanut.The results show that:Active humic acid fertilizer significantly improved the photosynthetic capacity of peanut leaves.Compared with ordinary ternary compound fertilizer treatment,active humic acid fertilizer treatment significantly increased the leaf area index,chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of peanut.In 2021,the leaf area index,chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of FS80 treatment were increased respectively by 8.3%,18.6%and 18.0%compared to ordinary ternary compound fertilizer treatment.In 2022,the leaf area index,chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of FS80 treatment were respectively increased by 6.2%,7.5%,and 12.2%compared to ordinary ternary compound fertilizer treatment.The biological yield of FS100 and FS80 treatments both increased significantly for two years.The number of pods per plant of FS100 and FS80 treatments increased respectively by 20.8%,13.4%and 17.6%,10.1%compared to ordinary ternary compound fertilizer treatment,and the average pod mass increased respectively by 5.9%,5.3%and 5.2%,4.9%compared to ordinary ternary compound fertilizer treatment.Peanut pod yield increased respectively by 1.3%-13.7%and 2.1%-14.3%compared to ordinary ternary compound fertilizer treatment in two years.In conclusion,active humic acid fertilizer can significantly improve the photosynthetic capacity of peanut leaves at the late growth stage,increase bi

关 键 词：花生 活性腐殖酸肥 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号：S565.206.2[农业科学—作物学] S143.92