英国“商人”与朝鲜王朝的首次交涉--1832年英国人胡夏米赴朝通商考实  

On the First Britain Businessman Hoo Hea Mee Visiting Choson Korea for Conducting Business in 1832

作　　者：孙卫国[1] SUN Wei-guo(Faculty of History,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,天津300350

出　　处：《廊坊师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期32-42,共11页Journal of Langfang Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“韩国汉文史部文献编年与专题研究”(21&ZD242)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1832年2月26日,东印度公司广东商馆职员林德赛受命化名为胡夏米并假称船主,以普鲁士籍传教士郭士立为翻译和医师,一行67人乘坐“阿美士德”号从澳门地区出发,经中国东南沿海,一路北上,到了山东威海卫。接着东行,到达朝鲜半岛,这是朝鲜王朝在本土首次正式接触的、前来要求通商的英国人。胡夏米致函朝鲜国王,要求自由贸易,未得回复。他们滞留一月无果离开,经琉球、中国台湾回到中国澳门。朝鲜王朝当即向清朝汇报事情原委,受到道光皇帝嘉奖。朝鲜王朝留下了第一手资料《英吉利国漂船记》,在朝鲜官方史书《承政院日记》与《朝鲜王朝实录》中,也记载了朝鲜君臣商讨如何处理这批洋人。在胡夏米的《“阿美士德”号货船来华经过报告》等书中,详细记载了他们与朝鲜官员的交涉。通过朝、英两方中英文史料的对照,既可以厘清事实真相,又能借此考察东西方在近代前夕交流的观感,为我们考察彼时东西方交流提供一个具体而微的实例。On February 26,1832,Hugh Hamilton Lindsay,a staff member of the Guangdong Chamber of the East India Com-pany under the pseudonym the Hoo Hea Mee,pretending to be the owner of the ship“Lord Amherst”,with the Prussian mission-ary Karl Friedrich August Gützlaff as an interpreter and physician,set out from Macao region,and via southeastern coast of China traveled north to Weihai,Shandong.Then they went east to the Korean Peninsula,where the Choson Dynasty formally contacted the British who had come to demand trade on the mainland for the first time.Hoo Hea Mee sent a letter to the Choson King asking for free trade,but received no reply.They stayed for nearly one month without success,and returned to Macao region via Ryukyu and Tawan region.The Choson King immediately reported the matter to the Qing and was rewarded by Emperor Daoguang.The Choson Dy-nasty kept a first-hand information titled“Records of the Drifting Boat of the British Kingdom,”and in the official history books of Choson Korea,Diary of Seungjeongwon and Record of the Joseon Dynasty,it was also recorded that the Korean monarchs discussed how to deal with this group of foreigners.Hoo Hea Mee’s Report of Proceedings on a Voyage to the Northern Ports of China in the Ship Lord Amherst and other books left more details of their dealings with Choson Korean officials.By the compari-son of Chinese and English historical materials between the two parties not only the truth was clarified,but more importantly,it could be used to examine the perception of exchanges between East and West in the early modern period,and provided us with a concrete and microscopic example of East-West exchanges on the eve of modern times.

关 键 词：胡夏米 郭士立 “阿美士德”号 韩英关系史 “问情” 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]