低剂量电离辐射下放射工作人员晶状体浑浊的影响因素  

Influencing factors of lens opacity in radiation workers under low dose ionizing radiation

作　　者：潘萍萍 胡祖应[2] 金琪 钟皓诚 谢巧英[1] Pan Pingping;Hu Zuying;Jin Qi;Zhong Haocheng;Xie Qiaoying(Department of Occupational Diseases,Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center,Hangzhou 310014,China;Medical Education Department,Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市职业病防治院职业病科,杭州310014 [2]杭州市职业病防治院医教科,杭州310014

出　　处：《中华眼外伤职业眼病杂志》2023年第10期735-742,共8页Chinese Journal of Ocular Trauma and Occupational Eye Disease

基　　金：杭州市医药卫生科技计划项目(20211231Y083);杭州市医药卫生科技计划项目(20211231Y082)。

摘　　要：目的分析低剂量电离辐射下放射工作人员晶状体浑浊的影响因素。方法横断面研究。收集杭州市职业病防治院2020年1月至2021年12月进行职业病体检的1455名放射工作人员体检资料及其2011至2021年共10年内的个人剂量监测结果,采用多因素logistic回归分析法统计分析晶状体浑浊情况与性别、年龄、放射剂量、工种和放射工龄等影响因素。结果1455名放射工作人员共检出晶状体浑浊者105例,浑浊率为7.22%,其中后囊下晶状体浑浊共52例(49.52%,52/105);晶状体浑浊率随年龄、工龄的增长而增高呈线性趋势关系(χ^(2)_(年龄)=111.97,χ^(2)_(工龄)=78.69,均P<0.001);随着总放射剂量、年均放射剂量的升高晶状体浑浊比例逐渐升高(χ^(2)_(总放射剂量)=46.90,χ^(2)_(年均放射剂量)=15.82,均P<0.001)。年龄、工种及总剂量为影响后囊下浑浊的独立危险因素(年龄B=0.066,OR=1.068,95%CI=1.035~1.103,P<0.05;总剂量:B=0.105,OR=1.111,95%CI=1.033~1.194,P=0.005),前3位工种依次为核医学(6/51)、放射治疗学(14/240)、介入放射学(18/340)。结论放射工作人员晶状体浑浊率与年龄、放射剂量、工种和放射工龄有关,核医学出现后囊下浑浊的危险性最高。Objective To analyze the influence of lens opacity in radiation workers under low dose ionizing radiation.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.Physical examination data of 1455 radiation workers who underwent occupational disease physical examination in Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center from Jan.2020 to Dec.2021 were collected and the individual radiation dose monitored during the 10 years from 2011 to 2021 were statistically analyzed.The influence factors of lens opacity and gender,age,radiation dose,types of work and radiological working age were analyzed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data.Results A total of 105 cases of lens opacity were detected among 1455 radiation workers with a turbidity rate at 7.22%,among which 52 cases of posterior subcapsular turbidity(49.52%).The opacity rate of lens increased with the increase of age and working age,showing a linear trend(χ^(2)_(age)=111.97,χ^(2)_(working age)=78.69,all P<0.001).With the increase of total radiation dose and average annual radiation dose,the proportion of lens opacity gradually increased(χ^(2)_(total radiation dose)=46.90,χ^(2)_(annual average radiation dose)=15.82,all P<0.001).Age,types of work and total dose were independent risk factors for posterior subcapsular turbidity(age:B=0.066,OR:1.068,95%CI:1.035-1.103,P<0.05;total radiation dose:B=0.105,OR=1.111,95%CI=1.033-1.194,P=0.005).Top three work types were nuclear medicine(6/51),radiotherapy(14/240),and interventional radiology(18/340).Conclusion The opacity rate of ocular lens of radiation workers is related to age,radiation dose,types of work and radiological seniority,and the risk of subcapsular opacity is the highest after the emergence of nuclear medicine.

关 键 词：电离 辐射 低剂量 放射 工作人员 晶状体 

分 类 号：R135.92[医药卫生—劳动卫生]