压缩变形速率对纯铜组织及性能的影响  

Effect of compression deformation rate on the microstructure and properties of pure copper

作　　者：杨娜 王玉琦 刘涛 张爽[1,2] 罗俊 刘若絮 黄玮 欧梅桂 YANG Na;WANG Yuqi;LIU Tao;ZHANG Shuang;LUO Jun;LIU Ruoxu;HUANG Wei;OU Meigui(College of Materials and Metallurgy,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High Performance Metal Structure Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学材料与冶金学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]高性能金属结构材料与制造技术国家地方联合工程实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州科学》2023年第6期85-89,共5页Guizhou Science

基　　金：贵州省科学技术项目(黔科合成果〔2022〕一般031;黔科合支撑〔2019〕2165号)。

摘　　要：在许多复杂工作环境中,工程材料往往会遇到高速撞击、爆炸等动态加载情况,材料的力学性能在动载和静载下是不同的。进行高应变速率下材料的动态压缩实验研究有重要意义,高应变下材料的细晶强化和加工硬化均使其性能得到提高。本文借助扫描电子显微镜及背散射电子衍射(EBSD)技术等手段,研究均匀化退火获得的不同晶粒尺寸的纯铜在不同压缩变形速率下的组织和力学性能变化规律。结果表明:原始晶粒粗大的试样经过不同应变速率压缩(SHPB)可获得晶粒细小的组织,两试样晶粒尺寸分别由240μm细化到38μm,从20μm细化到12μm。两纯铜试样压缩后硬度分别从75.7 HV提高到150.7 HV,由81.2 HV提高到136.8 HV,试样硬度均得到提高。本研究中位错滑移与位错塞积是导致晶粒细化的主要原因,细晶强化是硬度提高的主要强化机制。In complex working environments,engineering materials often encounter high-speed impact,explosion and other dynamic loading conditions,and the mechanical properties of materials under dynamic load and static load are different.The experimental study on the dynamic compression of materials under high strain rate is of great significance.The fine-grain strengthening and hardening of the material under high strain will improve its performance.In this paper,by means of scanning electron microscope and electron backscattering diffraction(EBSD),the changes of the microstructure and mechanical properties of pure copper with different grain size under different compression deformation rates are studied by homogenizing annealing.The results show that,through compression by different strain rates(SHPB),the samples with coarse grains will obtain fine grain tissue;the grain size of the two samples are refined from 240μm to 38μm,and from 20μm to 12μm,respectively.After compression,the hardness of the two pure copper samples increases from 75.7 HV to 150.7 HV,and from 81.2 HV to 136.8 HV,respectively.The dislocation slip and dislocation pileup are the main causes of grain refinement,and fine-grain strengthening is the main mechanism of hardness improvement.

关 键 词：纯铜 应变速率 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG306[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]