鄂西地区柑橘灌溉需水指数时空变化规律  

Temporal and spatial variation of irrigation water requirement index of citrus in western Hubei Province

作　　者：朱士江[1,2] 于颖 徐文 李虎[1,2] 李凯凯[1,2] 何卫平[3] ZHU Shijiang;YU Ying;XU Wen;LI Hu;LI Kaikai;HE Weiping(Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydropower Engineering Construction and Management,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Ministry of Education,Yichang 443002,China;Yichang Meteorological Bureau,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水电工程施工与管理湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443002 [3]宜昌市气象局,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第12期135-141,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52000120);湖北省水利重点科研项目(HBSLKY201919,HBSLKY202124)。

摘　　要：为了掌握气候变化条件下鄂西地区柑橘的灌溉需水量,从而合理制定灌溉制度,提高水资源的利用效率,基于1971~2019年宜昌地区9个气象站逐日气象数据,利用Penman-Monteith公式和单作物系数法,结合线性趋势分析了近49 a宜昌市不同分区生育期柑橘需水量(ET_(c))、有效降雨量(P_(e))、净灌溉需水量(IR)和灌溉需水指数(IRI)的时空变化规律。结果表明:宜昌市9个柑橘种植区(秭归、兴山、远安、夷陵、五峰、长阳、枝江、宜都、当阳)ET_(c)、P_(e)、IR和IRI平均值分别为728.6,414.96,313.64 mm和0.43。ET_(c)减小趋势主要集中在秭归、当阳地区;P_(e)上升趋势主要集中在宜都、枝江和秭归地区,其余地区P_(e)均呈下降趋势;IRI上升趋势主要集中在兴山地区,下降趋势主要集中在秭归地区。此外,柑橘不同生育期ET_(c)整体上呈东部高、西北和西南低的分布特征,有由西向东逐渐升高的趋势;P_(e)整体上呈东北部低、西南部高的分布特征,并且有西南向东北方向逐渐降低的趋势,与ET_(c)呈相反分布特征;IRI整体上呈西南部低、东北部高的分布特征,并且有从西南向东北部方向逐渐升高的趋势。未来在气候变化的影响下,鄂西地区柑橘种植带可能从东北逐渐向西南转移。In order to grasp the irrigation water requirement of citrus in western Hubei Province under the condition of climate change,formulate reasonable irrigation system and improve the utilization efficiency of water resources,based on the daily meteorological data of 9 meteorological stations in western Hubei Province from 1971 to 2019,this study used Penman-Monteith formula,single crop coefficient method and linear trend to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of citrus water requirement(ET_(c)),effective rainfall(P_(e)),net irrigation water requirement(IR)and irrigation water requirement index(IRI)in different growth stages of Yichang City in recent 49 years.The results showed that the average values of ET_(c),P_(e),IR and IRI in 9 citrus planting areas(Zigui,Xingshan,Yuan'an,Yiling,Wufeng,Changyang,Zhijiang,Yidu and Dangyang County)in Yichang City were 728.6 mm,414.96 mm,313.64 mm and 0.43,respectively.The decreasing trend of ET_(c)was mainly concentrated in Zigui and Dangyang County.The upward trend of P_(e)was mainly concentrated in Yidu,Zhijiang and Zigui County,and the P_(e)in the remaining areas showed a downward trend.The upward trend of IRI was mainly concentrated in Xingshan County,and the downward trend was mainly concentrated in Zigui County.In addition,the ET_(c)of citrus in different growth stages showed the distribution characteristics of high in the east,low in the northwest and southwest,and gradually increased from west to east.The P_(e)had the distribution characteristics of low in the northeast and high in the southwest,and had a trend of gradually decreasing from southwest to northeast,which was opposite to the distribution characteristics of ET_(c).The IRI had the distribution characteristics of low in the southwest and high in the northeast,and there was a trend of gradual increase from southwest to northeast.In the future,under the influence of climate change,the citrus planting belt in western Hubei Province may gradually shift from northeast to southwest.

关 键 词：柑橘 净灌溉需水量 灌溉需水指数 时空变化 鄂西地区 

分 类 号：S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]