语义/语境范畴交换的语用解  

A Pragmatic Account for the Categorical Exchange between Content and Context

作　　者：胡扬 Yang Hu(School of Philosophy and Social Development,South China Normal University)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学哲学与社会发展学院

出　　处：《逻辑学研究》2023年第6期74-101,共28页Studies in Logic

基　　金：Funded by National Social Science Foundation of China-Youth Project (No.20CZX052):Contextualist Methodology for Resolution of Semantic Paradoxes。

摘　　要：指代词语义理论(indexical semantics)的核心问题之一是语境如何决定指代词的语义内容(semantic content),这一问题的实质是语境范畴下的实体如何通过语义理论交换成语义范畴下的实体。卡普兰二维语义框架下,作为词汇学规则的“语征”(character)是实现这一交换的关键,但该方案有诸多困难。在维索尔伦语用学及其语境图示的基础上,“ε-总条件”和“ε~-语用图示”为“语义”与“语境”的范畴交换提供了词汇学规则以外的语用学解释。通过界定“对应点”,“距离函数”等概念,两类范畴交换模式得以呈现,即“正交换”和“偏交换”。两者让“指代词语义的语境解释”获得了一个明确的界定。这一语用学方案也存在多个需要讨论的问题。One of the essential issues in indexical semantics is how the context determines indexical semantic content.The essence of the problem consists in how categorically contextual entities can be exchanged for categorically semantic entities via semantic theory.Under Kaplan’s two-dimensional semantic framework,“character”as a lexical rule is the key to realizing this exchange with,however,theoretical difficulties.On the basis of Verschueren’s idea of pragmatics and his Contextual Diagram,“ε-General Condition”and“ε†-Pragmatic Schema”provide a pragmatic account for such categorical exchange between context and content.Given“Corresponding Point”and“Distance Function”,two exchange models are proposed:“Impartial Exchange”and“Partial Exchange”.Both of them suggest a way of understanding what is meant by“contextual interpretation of indexical semantic content”.Several issues will also be discussed regarding this pragmatic account.

关 键 词：指代词 语义范畴 维索尔伦 语义理论 语义内容 距离函数 对应点 交换模式 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]