沟谷区浅埋煤层重复开采下地裂缝发育规律研究  

Ground Fissure Development Law of Repeated Mining in Shallow Buried Coal Seam in Gully Area

作　　者：孙学阳[1,2] 程正 姜钰泉 赵璠 王贝贝 齐建鑫 SUN Xueyang;CHENG Zheng;JIANG Yuquan;ZHAO Fan;WANG Beibei;QI Jianxin(College of Geology and Environment,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation,Xi'an 710054,China;Shaanxi Coal Geological Exploration Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,西安710054 [2]陕西省煤炭绿色开发地质保障重点实验室,西安710054 [3]陕西煤田地质勘查研究院有限公司,西安710054

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2023年第10期1-5,共5页Coal Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41272388,51674195);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2023-JC-YB-272)。

摘　　要：为探究沟谷区浅埋煤层高强度开采下地裂缝发育规律,以红柳林煤矿芦草沟过沟开采工作面为研究背景,采用相似材料模拟和数值模拟的方法,依次模拟开采4^(-2)和5^(-2)煤层,分析地裂缝静、动态发育规律及应力特征。结果表明:重复采动下,覆岩裂隙直接发育至地表,形成贯通裂缝,地表总体发育张开状、隆起状、台阶状地裂缝,发育密集程度相近,反向坡地裂缝相比正向坡地裂缝两侧落差明显;地裂缝呈明显的阶段性发育特征,正向坡地裂缝呈开裂阶段—闭合阶段—活化扩展阶段,沟底地裂缝呈开裂阶段—闭合阶段—活化隆起阶段—稳定阶段,反向坡地裂缝呈开裂阶段—缩小阶段—活化扩展阶段—稳定阶段;覆岩及地表的拉、压应力集中区呈周期性消失和出现,引起地裂缝阶段性发育特征。重复采动使拉应力集中区延伸至正向坡老采空区,反向坡老采空区出现二次压应力集中明显。研究成果为沟谷区浅埋煤层开采下地裂缝灾害预测与防治奠定基础。In order to explore the development law of ground fissures under high intensity mining of shallow coal seam in gully area, took the working face of Lucaogou gully in Hongliulin coal mine as the research background, and adopted the method of similar material simulation and numerical simulation to simulate the mining of 4^(-2) and 5^(-2) coal seams in turn, and analyzed the static and dynamic development law and stress characteristics of ground fissures. The results show that under repeated mining, the overlying rock fissures directly develop to the surface and form penetrating fissures. The surface generally develops open, uplifted and stepped ground fissures, and the development density is similar. The difference between the two sides of the reverse slope fissure is obvious compared with the forward slope fissure. The ground fissures show obvious stage development characteristics. The forward slope fissures show cracking stage-closure stage-activation and expansion stage, the gully bottom fissures show cracking stage-closure stage-activation and uplift stage-stability stage, and the reverse slope fissures show cracking stage-shrinkage stage-activation and expansion stage-stability stage.Repeated mining makes the tensile stress concentration area extend to the forward slope old goaf, and the reverse slope old goaf has obvious secondary compressive stress concentration. The research results lay a foundation for the prediction and prevention of ground fissure disasters under shallow coal seam mining in gully area.

关 键 词：沟谷区浅埋煤层 重复开采 地裂缝 相似材料模拟 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]