冬灌处理对河北冬油菜关键性状的影响  

Effects of winter irrigation treatment on key characteristics of winter rapeseed in Hebei

作　　者：李积铭[1] 李和平[1] 陶肖蕾 武军艳[2] 孙万仓[2] 李学才[2] 翟兰菊 马骊[2] 李爱国[1] LI Ji-ming;LI He-ping;TAO Xiao-lei;WU Jun-yan;SUN Wan-cang;LI Xue-cai;ZHAI Lan-ju;MA Li;LI Ai-guo(Institute of Dry Farming,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Lab of Crop DroughtTolerance Research,Hengshui 053000,China;State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/College ofAgronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所/河北省农作物抗旱研究实验室,河北衡水053000 [2]省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2023年第6期1227-1237,共11页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：河北农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-HZS-5);国家油菜产业技术体系(CARS-12)。

摘　　要：为指导河北等地冬油菜的水分管理,明确冬前灌溉对河北冬油菜产量形成的影响,选用12个白菜型冬油菜及9个甘蓝型冬油菜品种(品系),进行冬灌处理,统计越冬率,测定叶片及角果的氮、磷、钾含量,考察产量及产量构成等指标。试验结果表明:冬灌可以有效预防油菜冻害、提高越冬率,有利于油菜返青后的生长、农艺性状的改善及产量的形成。与对照(不进行冬灌)相比,冬灌处理对冬油菜生育期无明显影响;但供试油菜品种的越冬率均可达90%以上,显著高于对照;且分枝部位高度、株高等农艺性状及产量均显著提高,分别较对照增加33%、90.3%、14.5%;6个供试冬油菜叶片中的氮、磷含量与果皮中的钾含量均高于其它器官。To guide significance for water management of winter rape in Hebei Province,effect of pre-winter ir-rigation on yield formation of winter rapeseed was studied.Materials included 12 winter Brassica rapa and 9 B.na-pus varieties(lines),they were irrigated before winter.The traits were investigated including overwintering rate,contents of N,P and K in leaves and siliques,and yield composition.Results showed that winter irrigation effective-ly prevented freezing injury of rapeseed,increased the overwintering rate,and then improved later growth,agronom-ic characteristics and yield formation.The overwintering rate reached more than 90%,significantly higher than nonwinter irrigation control.Although winter irrigation treatment had no significant effect on growth duration,it signifi-cantly improved agronomic traits of branch length,plant height and plot yield by 33%,90.3%and 16.9%respective-ly.The contents of N and P in leaves,and K in silique shell of 6 tested winter rapeseed were higher than the other organs.

关 键 词：冬油菜 白菜型油菜 甘蓝型油菜 冬灌 越冬率 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]