一种基于蓝牙单基站部署的目标定位方法  

A target positioning method based on single bluetooth anchor

作　　者：邓邱伟 唐念行 郭鹏 DENG Qiuwei;TANG Nianhang;GUO Peng(College of Computer Science,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;State Key Laboratory of Digital Household Appliances,Qingdao 266101,Shandong China;School of Electronic Information and Communications,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学计算机学院,重庆400044 [2]数字化家电国家重点实验室,山东青岛266101 [3]华中科技大学电子信息与通信学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第11期91-96,共6页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61872410)。

摘　　要：为解决传统蓝牙定位方法依赖多蓝牙基站部署从而造成实际应用困难的问题,提出一种基于单个蓝牙基站的定位方法.设计了一种蓝牙基站物理结构,以获得目标节点相较于蓝牙基站的水平距离和平面到达角(AoA),进而计算出目标节点相较于蓝牙基站的位置.为准确估算目标节点与蓝牙基站的水平距离,将目标节点所处位置划分近场和远场,基于几何模型和蓝牙信号衰减模型进行近/远场的距离计算;同时,为增强蓝牙信号衰减模型的鲁棒性,提出基于近场距离的衰减模型参数自动更新的算法,由此完成对目标的位置计算.实验结果表明:本定位方法在仅部署单个蓝牙基站下可实现的目标定位平均精度为0.938 m.To solve the problem that traditional bluetooth positioning methods relying on multiple bluetooth anchors would cause practical application difficulties,a target positioning method based on single bluetooth anchor was proposed.A physical structure for bluetooth anchor was designed to obtain the horizontal distance and angle of arrival(AoA)of the target node relative to the bluetooth anchor,and the position of the target node relative to the bluetooth anchor was calculated.To accurately estimate the horizontal distance between the target node and the bluetooth anchor,the location of the target node was divided into near field and far field,and the distance between the near and far fields was calculated based on geometric models and bluetooth signal attenuation models.Meanwhile,to enhance the robustness of the bluetooth signal attenuation model,an algorithm for automatically updating the attenuation model parameters based on near-field distance was proposed,and thereby the position calculation of the target was completed.Experimental results show that this positioning method can achieve an average target positioning accuracy of 0.938 m when only a single bluetooth anchor is deployed.

关 键 词：目标定位 蓝牙到达角(AoA) 单基站部署 衰减模型估计 位置计算 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]