银川市≥40岁人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行病学数据更新及启示  

Epidemiological data update and implications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for people older than 40 years in Yinchuan city

作　　者：陈丽君 刘美芳 张慧芳 陈娟霞 刘艳红 马晓勇[2] Chen Lijun;Liu Meifang;Zhang Huifang;Chen Juanxia;Liu Yanhong;Ma Xiaoyong(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University(the First People′s Hospital of Yinchuan),Yinchuan 750001,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学第二附属医院(银川市第一人民医院)呼吸与危重症医学科,银川750001 [2]宁夏医科大学总医院中医科,银川750004

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2023年第12期893-898,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81060005);银川市科技计划项目(2021-SF-001);宁夏回族自治区科技创新领军人才(2021GKLRLX03);宁夏回族自治区卫生健康系统科研项目(2021-NW-061);宁夏回族自治区卫生健康适宜技术推广项目(2022-NWSY-020)。

摘　　要：目的调查更新近10年银川市≥40岁人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)的流行病学数据。方法本研究为横断面研究,于2019年4月至2022年12月采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法对银川市三区两县一市≥40岁居民进行问卷调查和身体测量。本次调查抽取14666例,最终11547例肺功能测量合格和问卷调查完整并纳入分析,获取调查对象的基本资料、疾病相关因素暴露情况、慢阻肺相关症状、疾病知晓率和肺功能检查率,采用logistic回归分析慢阻肺的危险因素。结果共11547例纳入研究,检出慢阻肺患者1841例,慢阻肺总体患病率为15.9%。男性患病率(18.6%)高于女性(12.9%);城市患病率(17.3%)高于农村(14.7%);现吸烟人群患病率(24.4%)、曾吸烟人群患病率(24.6%)均高于不吸烟人群(13.0%)(均P<0.001)。40~49岁、50~59岁、60~69岁、≥70岁人群患病率分别为11.7%、12.9%、16.9%、24.6%,随着年龄增长慢阻肺患病率呈现逐渐增高的趋势(P<0.001)。10.5%的慢阻肺患者表示知晓本病、17.4%的患者曾经做过肺功能检查。logistic回归分析结果表明:慢阻肺危险因素包括男性、高龄、居住于城区、低文化水平、现吸烟史、曾经吸烟史、二手烟接触史、低体重、生物质燃料使用史、呼吸系统疾病家族史。结论银川市≥40岁人群慢阻肺患病率较10年前明显升高,且高于全国数据,但疾病知晓率低,积极干预危险因素并加强宣教是防治该病的重要措施。Objective To survey and update the epidemiological data of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in people≥40 years old in Yinchuan City in the last 10 years.Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which questionnaires and physical measurements were taken from April 2019 to December 2022 using multi-stage stratified whole population sampling of residents≥40 years in three districts,two counties,and one city in Yinchuan City.In this survey,14666 cases were extracted,and finally 11547 cases with qualified lung function measurements and complete questionnaires were included in the analysis to obtain the basic information of the respondents,exposure to disease-related factors,symptoms related to COPD,disease awareness and lung function test rate,and logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of COPD.Results A total of 11547 cases were included in the study,and 1841 patients with COPD were detected,giving an overall prevalence of COPD of 15.9%.The prevalence was higher in men(18.6%)than in women(12.9%);it was higher in urban areas(17.3%)than in rural areas(14.7%);and it was statistically significant that the prevalence of current smokers(24.4%)and ex-smokers(24.6%)was higher than the prevalence of non-smokers(13.0%)(all P<0.001)in those COPD patients.The prevalence rates of COPD in people aged 40-49,50-59,60-69,and≥70 years were 11.7%,12.9%,16.9%,and 24.6%,respectively,which tended to increase gradually with age(P<0.001).10.5%of patients with COPD said they were aware of the disease and 17.4%received a pulmonary function test.The results of logistic regression analyses showed that the risk factors for COPD included male,advanced age,living in an urban area,low literacy,current smoking,former smoking,history of secondhand smoke exposure,low body weight,history of biomass fuel use,and family history of respiratory disease.Conclusions The prevalence of COPD among people≥40 years in Yinchuan City is significantly higher than 10 years ago and is higher than the national data.However,the disea

关 键 词：肺疾病 慢性阻塞性 流行病学方法 患病率 危险因素 调查数据 更新 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R181.3[医药卫生—内科学]