挂案的概念界定与清理规范  

The Definition of Unconcluded Cases and Its Clearing Norms

作　　者：唐淑臣 TANG Shuchen

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院 [2]清华大学法学院中国司法研究中心暨最高人民检察院司法案例研究基地

出　　处：《公安学研究》2023年第5期31-52,123,124,共24页Journal of Public Security Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金社科学术社团主题学术活动“司法腐败与政法系统教育整顿研究”(22STA027);辽宁省法学会课题“习近平法治思想引航法治社会建设的行动路径研究”(LNFXH2023B001)。

摘　　要：挂案作为刑事诉讼流程中值得关注的现象,应当界定为囿于客观原因无法推进而暂时被搁置的案件。所谓的挂案清理,本质是对程序违法事项进行处理,而非对挂案本身进行否定。其摆脱运动式窠臼、纳入法律规制之下,需要厘清挂案尤其是疑罪从挂的关键问题,以加强程序事项的检察监督工作。从程序与实体的二分来看,疑罪从挂属于程序性处理,与疑罪从有等实体终局性裁判有本质区别,其并没有违背无罪推定的基本原则。但疑罪从挂依旧需要满足“挂案不挂人”的要求,来达成一般挂案客观无法推进的前提条件与挂起安排可恢复的检验条件。挂案清理作为对诉讼迟延行为的整改,属于刑事诉讼时间管理的内容。相较于立法论,我国目前形成的内部行政管理与外部检察监督相结合的模式更符合司法实践,完善诉讼迟延的检察监督方案,需要刚性监督与柔性监督相结合。As a phenomenon worthy of attention in the criminal procedure process,unconcluded cases should be defined as cases that cannot be pushed forward due to objective reasons and are temporarily shelved.The essence of clearing unconcluded cases is to deal with procedural violations rather than negating the suspended cases themselves.In order to strengthen the procuratorial supervision of procedural matters,it is necessary to clarify the key issues of unconcluded cases,especially doubtful crimes,in order to get rid of the pattern of movement and incorporate them into the legal regulation.From the point of view of the dichotomy between procedure and entity,unconcluded suspected guilt cases belongs to procedural treatment,which is fundamentally different from the final judgment of entity such as presumption of guilt.However,it is still necessary to meet the requirement of“No hanging the case based on the persons involved”to achieve the prerequisite that the general case cannot be promoted objectively and the test condition that the arrangement can be restored.As the rectification of delayed action,the case clearing belongs to the category of criminal litigation time management.Compared with the legislation theory,the mode of combining internal administrative management with external procuratorial supervision is more in line with judicial practice.To perfect the prosecutorial supervision scheme of lawsuit delay,it is necessary to combine rigid supervision with flexible supervision.

关 键 词：挂案 挂案清理 无罪推定 疑罪从挂 检察监督 

分 类 号：D916[政治法律—法学]