2016—2021年上海市浦东新区含脊髓灰质炎成分疫苗安全性评价  

Safety evaluation on poliomyelitis related vaccines in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2016-2021

作　　者：周翠萍 王卫平 刘文敏 邓鹏飞 费怡[1] ZHOU Cuiping;WANG Weiping;LIU Wenmin;DENG Pengfei;FEI Yi(Department of Immunology,Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Shanghai,Shanghai,200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心免疫预防科,上海200136

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第21期2965-2969,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生健康委员会青年科技项目(PW2018B-34)。

摘　　要：目的分析2016—2021年上海市浦东新区含脊髓灰质炎成分疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价含脊髓灰质炎成分疫苗预防接种安全性。方法通过中国AEFI信息管理系统收集2016—2021年上海市浦东新区口服Ⅰ型Ⅲ型脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine,bOPV)、sabin株脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗(sabin strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine,IPV(sabin))、脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗(salk strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine,IPV)、吸附无细胞百白破灭活脊髓灰质炎和b型流感嗜血杆菌联合疫苗(diphtheria,tetanus,acellular pertussis,inactivated poliovirus and Haemophilus influenza type b combined vaccine,DTaP-IPV-Hib)AEFI个案数据进行描述流行病学分析。结果2016—2021年上海市浦东新区含脊髓灰质炎成分疫苗共报告AEFI 3262例(286.93/10万剂次),其中bOPV、IPV(sabin)、IPV(salk)、DTap-IPV-Hib疫苗的AEFI报告发生率分别为12.03、78.74、90.30和1075.75/10万剂次(χ2=7166.67,P<0.05),其中一般反应为99.63%,异常反应为0.31%(主要为过敏性皮疹)。发生年龄均以<1岁组为主,55.61%的AEFI发生于接种1~2剂次,bOPV报告AEFI主要发生在接种3~4剂次后,96.87%的AEFI发生于接种后48 h内。结论上海市浦东新区含脊髓灰质炎成分疫苗接种安全性良好。Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization(AEFI)of poliomyelitis related vaccines in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2016 to 2021,evaluate the immunization safety related to polio vaccines.Methods The data on AEFI cases of bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine(bOPV),sabin strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine[IPV(sabin)],salk strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine(IPV),diphtheria,tetanus,acellular pertussis,inactivated poliovirus and Haemophilus influenza type b combined vaccine(DTaP-IPV-Hib)in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2016 to 2021 were collected through the Chinese AEFI information system,and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 3262 AEFI cases of poliomyelitis related vaccines were reported in Shanghai Pudong New Area from 2016 to 2021(286.93/100000 doses).The reported incidence of AEFI of bOPV,IPV(sabin),IPV(salk)and DTap-IPV-Hib was 12.03,78.74,90.30 and 1075.75(χ2=7166.67,P<0.05).Of all the AEFI reported,99.63%were common reactions and 0.31%rare ones(most of the reported cases were anaphylactic rashes).Most of the reported AEFI cases were children<1 year old.55.61%of the reported cases occurred after first or second dose/time,AEFI incidence rates for bOPV mainly occurred after third or fourth dose/time.96.87%of the reported cases occurred within 48 h following vaccination.Conclusion The poliomyelitis related vaccines in Pudong New Area of Shanghai have a good safety.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎疫苗 疑似预防接种异常反应 安全性 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]