2016—2021年北京市朝阳区法定传染病流行情况和趋势分析  

Analysis on prevalence and trends of notifiable infectious diseases in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2016-2021

作　　者：和丽 孟海英[1] 王珊[1] 姜晓红[1] 赵伟[2] HE Li;MENG Haiying;WANG Shan;JIANG Xiaohong;ZHAO Wei(Monitoring Information Department,Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100021,China;Office,Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100021,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心监测信息科,北京100021 [2]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心办公室,北京100021

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第21期2970-2975,共6页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的调查北京市朝阳区法定传染病流行状况与变化特点,从而指导传染病防控策略的确立。方法搜集我国疾病预防控制信息系统2016—2021年期间的北京市朝阳区法定传染病监测数值,经由描述流行病学方法对此区域法定传染病的发病特点与流行规律展开分析。结果2016—2021年朝阳区共报告法定传染病204807例,年均报告发病率923.23/10万,报告死亡数239例,年均报告死亡率1.08/10万。2016—2021年法定传染病发病率呈先上升后下降趋势,丙类发病主导着法定传染病发病趋势。按传播途径分,呼吸道传染病报告最多,呈先上升后下降趋势;其次是肠道传染病,呈下降趋势。发病顺位居前3位的是流行性感冒、其他感染性腹泻病和手足口病。男性报告发病率(958.20/10万)高于女性(887.39/10万),甲乙类传染病的报告发病率以0~<6岁组最高,为165.36/10万,丙类传染病的报告发病率以0~<6岁组最高,为8560.64/10万。高发职业为散居儿童、幼托儿童和家务及待业人员。1整年内,在传染病中,甲乙类未见明显的发病高峰,丙类出现3个发病高峰,分别为3—4、6—8和11月—次年1月。在月分布曲线上,甲乙丙类和丙类趋势接近,在法定传染病月分布中,占主导的是丙类传染病。甲乙丙类传染病报告发病率居于前5位的街乡是劲松办事处(1649.68/10万)、来广营乡(1560.01/10万)、平房乡(1324.03/10万)、高碑店乡(1317.99/10万)和南磨房乡(1305.79/10万)。结论2016—2021年北京市朝阳区法定传染病防控核心为丙类传染病的高发病率,需重点防控呼吸道传染病,重视增速较高、发病率较高与新发传染病,基于传染病不同表现,实施综合防治策略。Objective To understand the epidemic and changing trends of notifiable infectious diseases in the Chaoyang District of Beijing,provide a basis for developing prevention and control strategies for infectious diseases.Methods The data on the surveillance of notifiable infectious diseases in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2016 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese disease prevention and control information system,and the descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence characteristics and prevalence laws of notifiable infectious diseases in the area.Results A total of 204807 cases of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2021,with an annual average reported incidence of 923.23/100000,a reported number of 239 deaths,and an annual reported mortality of 1.08/100000.The incidence of notifiable diseases increased first but then decreased from 2016 to 2021,while the incidence of hepatitis C dominated the trend of notifiable diseases.By transmission route,respiratory infectious diseases were reported the most,showing an upward and a downward trend,followed by intestinal infectious diseases,showing a decreasing trend.Influenza,other infectious diarrheal diseases,and hand,foot,and mouth disease were the top 3 causes of illness.The reported incidence in males(958.20/100000)was higher than that in females(887.39/100000).The reported incidence of type A and B infectious diseases was the highest in the 0-<6 years-old group at 165.36/100000,and the reported incidence of type C infectious diseases was highest in the 0-<6 years-old group at 8560.64/100000.The high incidence occupations were diaspora children,preschool care children,and household and unemployed personnel.The year-round incidence of type A and B infectious diseases showed no obvious peak,and the year-round incidence of type C infectious diseases showed three peaks,including March to April,June to August,November to January of the following year.The monthly distribution curve trend of type A,B and C w

关 键 词：法定传染病 报告发病率 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]