江苏沭阳吕台遗址水井出土唐代扬子鳄及伴生动物的研究  

Research on the Tang Dynasty Alligator and Associated Fauna Unearthed from the Well of Lvtai Site in Shuyang County, Jiangsu Province

作　　者：陈曦[1] 伍苏明 徐秋元 Chen Xi;Wu Suming;Wang Xuanbo;Xu Qiuyuan;Tian Shuai

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文物与博物馆学系 [2]宿迁市博物馆 [3]沭阳县博物馆

出　　处：《南方文物》2023年第5期133-139,共7页Cultural Relics in Southern China

基　　金：江苏地域文明探源工程唐宋元明港口与对外交流课题阶段性成果。

摘　　要：江苏沭阳吕台遗址水井出土了丰富的唐代前期的动物遗存,动物种属包括扬子鳄、乌龟、中华鳖、锦蛇属未定种、雉亚科未定种、东方田鼠、豹猫、貉、欧亚水獭、江獭、狗獾、家犬、獐和梅花鹿等14个物种。动物群组成显示,唐代吕台遗址水井周边以湖沼为主要生境;区域考古发现表明,该地区以湿地为主的生态景观可追溯至晚更新世。吕台遗址水井出土扬子鳄遗存证明其在淮河以北地区的自然分布至少延续至唐代前期,而非此前认为的战国时期。淮河流域扬子鳄的消失,反映了宋元时期黄河南泛夺淮所引发的生态变迁,深层次的原因在于人类活动的过度扩张。Hundreds of faunal remains from the early Tang Dynasty were unearthed from Lütai well, Shuyang County, Jiangsu Province. The fauna consists of 14 species, including Alligator sinensis, Mauremys reevesii,Pelodiscus sinensis, Elaphe sp., Phasianinae indet., Microtus fortis, Prionailurus bengalensis, Nyctereutes procyonoides, Lutra lutra, lutrogale perspicillata, Meles meles, Canis lupus familiaris, Hydropotes inermis and Cervus nippon. The composition of fauna indicates that lakes and swamps are the dominant habitats around Lütai well in Tang Dynasty. Regional archaeological findings suggest that the Wetland-dominated landforms can be dated to the late Pleistocene. The remains of the Chinese alligator in Lütai well prove that its natural distribution in the area north of the Huai River lasted at least to the Tang Dynasty, rather than the Warring States Period as previously research. The disappearance of the Chinese alligator in the Huai River Basin reflects the ecological changes caused by the flooding of the Yellow River in the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty.

关 键 词：淮河下游 唐代生态 扬子鳄 黄河泛滥 历史动物地理 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K242[历史地理—历史学]