数字平台公共性的理论重塑及其生态治理路径  

The Theoretical Reshaping of the Public Nature of Digital Platforms and the Path for Governing Their Ecology

作　　者：刘凯[1] Liu Kai

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院

出　　处：《比较法研究》2023年第6期77-90,共14页Journal of Comparative Law

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“数字时代的经济权力运行法治化研究”(项目编号:23CFX056)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：数字平台凭借资源与技术能力的不对称性,在事实上充当着管理者与分配者的角色,并在特定空间中催生出权力运行的生态系统,展现出公共性和私主体性的双重身份,构建了以平台规则为基础,以“大数据+算法”为权力表达方式的数字生态。数字平台规制应防止滥用平台权力为私主体性服务,同时尊重平台的私主体性,引导其发挥企业技术创新功能,在监管的基础上提供创新激励的制度供给。传统的监管逻辑基于公权力的外部视角,忽略了平台经济的内生性资源,无法达成平台经济规范运行与健康发展之间的平衡。数字平台的规制应由监管转向权力制衡的法治理念,合理配置平台主体间的权责利,构建用户权利赋能、市场主体之间公平竞争以及行政机关合理监督的多主体共治和多要素制约的权力制衡体系。Digital platforms,by virtue of their asymmetrical resources and technological capabili-ties,effectively assume the roles of both managers and distributors,giving rise to an ecosystem of power dynamics within specific domains,thereby embodying dual identities of public and private subjects.Pub-licness is based on platform rules and is manifested through"big data+algorithms,"thereby establishing a digital ecosystem upon which users rely on.The regulation of digital platforms should not only prevent any potential abuse of platform power for private interests but also acknowledge and respect the platform's private nature,while guiding its capacity for technological innovation.Such regulatory measures must provide institutional incentives for innovation,while remaining grounded in a foundation of regulation.The traditional regulatory approaches,which predominantly rely on an external perspective of public power,fail to recognize the inherent resources of the platform economy,thus impeding the attainment of a harmonious equilibrium between the regulated operation and sustainable growth of platform economy.Consequently,the regulation of digital platforms should shift its focus from mere supervision to the idea of power checks and balances,ensuring the equitable allocation of rights,responsibilities and benefits among platform entities.This necessitates the establishment of a multi-stakeholder governance frame-work that empowers user rights,fosters fair competition among market entities,and facilitates reasonable supervision by administrative authorities.

关 键 词：数字平台 公共性 平台权力 技术创新 生态治理 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] D630[政治法律—政治学]