禾草Epichloё属内生真菌分类学研究进展  

Advances in the Taxonomy of the Genus EpichloёEndophytic Fungi in Grasses

作　　者：杜明祥 王添 李春杰[1] 陈泰祥[1] DU Ming-xiang;WANG Tian;LI Chun-jie;CHEN Tai-xiang(State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosytems/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu Province 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第12期3575-3586,共12页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001396,U21A20239);甘肃省科技计划项目(自然科学基金)(22 JR5RA458)资助。

摘　　要：禾草内生真菌(Epichloё属)是指在宿主禾草的组织间隙内完成其全部或大部分生命周期,但不引起宿主禾草产生外部明显症状的一类真菌。其作为重要的农业微生物资源,一方面能促进宿主植物的生长、提高宿主对不良环境的抵抗能力;另一方面,部分内生真菌与宿主形成的共生体所产生的部分生物碱可引致草食家畜中毒,影响草地畜牧业的健康发展。禾草内生真菌的这一双重特性已经成为国际草业领域近30年来的研究热点。本文首先综述了有性型和无性型Epichloё属禾草内生真菌的命名历史和分类现状,其次对我国目前已发现的禾草内生真菌资源及其分布以及禾草内生真菌在抗逆育种方面的研究进展进行归纳总结,最后针对禾草Epichloё属内生真菌的分类和应用进行了展望,以期为挖掘和利用有益禾草内生真菌资源、培育优良植物新品种、发展现代草地畜牧业和生态环境建设提供科学依据。Epichloёgrass endophyte is a group of fungi that finish most their life cycle in the intercellular space of the host grasses,but do not cause obvious external symptoms on the hosts.As an important agricultural microbial resource,it can promote the growth of hosts and improve the host's resistance to adversity.In addition,some alkaloids produced by the symbionts formed by some endophytic fungi and their host,can cause herbivorous livestock be poisoned and affect the healthy development of grassland animal husbandry.This dual characteristic of grass endophyte has become a research hotspot in the field of international grass industry for the past 30 years.In this study,the nomenclature history,classification status of teleomorph and anamorph grass endophyte,classification methods and significance of grass Epichloёendophyte were reviewed.Moreover,the resources and the distribution of grass endophytic fungi found in China and the research progress about grass endophytic fungi in stress resistance breeding were also summarized.The review was prospected to provide scientific basis for mining and utilizing beneficial grass endophytic fungi resources,cultivating new varieties of excellent plants,developing modern grassland animal husbandry and taking the ecological environment construction.

关 键 词：禾本科 Epichloё 分类 有性型 无性型 多样性 

分 类 号：S718.81[农业科学—林学]