单次脉冲爆震反压传播规律与抑制研究  

Study on back-pressure propagation and suppression of single pulse detonation

作　　者：李清安 王可[2,3] 范玮 杨海[1] 韩俊德 黄颗 康健 高雅青 江余敏 LI Qing′an;WANG Ke;FAN Wei;YANG Hai;HAN Junde;HUANG Ke;KANG Jian;GAO Yaqing;JIANG Yumin(Sichuan Aerospace System Engineering Research Institute,Chengdu 610100,China;School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi′an 710129,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Thermal Sciences in Aero-Engine System,Xi′an 710129,China)

机构地区：[1]四川航天系统工程研究所,四川成都610100 [2]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,陕西西安710129 [3]陕西省航空动力系统热科学重点实验室,陕西西安710129

出　　处：《西北工业大学学报》2023年第6期1125-1133,共9页Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52176133);陕西省创新能力支撑计划(2021KJXX-93)资助。

摘　　要：脉冲爆震燃烧室(pulse detonation combustor,PDC)反压反流的前传是导致脉冲爆震发动机推力损失的主要因素。为抑制PDC反流的传播,采用气动抑制策略,设计出不同结构组合而成的10种隔离段,使用恰当比的乙烯/富氧空气混合物开展了单次脉冲爆震的实验研究。结果表明:当反压传播距离约为0.86倍PDC长度时,相比于基准隔离段,Venturi管(V)与1.5倍PDC直径的直管组合的隔离段由于能够提供更大的膨胀空间,其反压的传播速度与峰值可分别降低约10%与20%;相对于无Tesla阀(T)的隔离段,在安装了Tesla阀的隔离段中,反压传播速度可再降低27.3%以上;相对于无泄压小孔(S)的隔离段,安装了泄压小孔的隔离段可降低25%的反压峰值;中心锥(C)的引入可大幅提高反压传播过程中的平均衰减率。在10种隔离段中,CVST型组合隔离段结构具有最佳的反压抑制能力。相比于基准隔离段,反压在CVST隔离段中的传播速度降低了约50%,峰值降低了约40.5%,平均峰值衰减率提升了1倍左右。The backflow and back-pressure propagation induced in a pulse detonation combustor(PDC)are the main factor in causing the thrust losses of a pulse detonation engine.In order to suppression the backflow propagation of a PDC,the aero-dynamic suppression strategy was implemented in this work.A total of ten isolators composed of different geometries were designed.A single-pulse detonation experiment was conducted by using the stoichiometric ethylene/enriched-oxygen mixture.It is shown that when the back-pressure has propagated about 0.86 the length of PDC,the propagation speeds and the pecks of the back-pressure in the isolator,which composed of the Venturi tube(V)and a long tube with 1.5 times diameter of the PDC,can be reduced by 10%and 20%,respectively,comparing with the base isolator.Comparing with the isolators that without the Tesla valve(T),the propagation speed of the back-pressure in the cases with the Tesla valve can be additionally reduced above 27.3%.Comparing with the isolators that without the slit(S),the peaks of the back-pressure in the cases with the slit can be decreased about 25%.The average decay rate of the back-pressure peaks can be highly increased if the cone(C)is introduced.It is found that the CVST-type isolator is the optimal.Comparing with the base isolator,the backpressure propagated in the CVST-type isolator can decrease about 50%and 40.5%of propagation speed and pressure peaks,respectively,and can increase the average decay rate of the back-pressure peaks by a factor of two.

关 键 词：爆震 反流 压力传播 压力衰减 脉冲爆震发动机 

分 类 号：V231.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]