连环湖铁哈拉泡浮游植物群落结构及其与水环境因子的关系  

Community Structure of Phytoplankton and Its Relationship With Water Environmental Factors in Tiehala Sub-lake of Lake Lianhuan,China

作　　者：王慧博 丛艳锋 孙佳伟 宋聃[1] 张澜澜 都雪[1] 王乐[1] 黄晓丽[1] 赵晨 窦乾明 霍堂斌[1] WANG Huibo;CONG Yanfeng;SUN Jiawei;SONG Dan;ZHANG Lanlan;DU Xue;WANG Le;HUANG Xiaoli;ZHAO Chen;DOU Qianming;HUO Tangbin(Laboratory of Aquatic Organism Protection and Ecological Restoration for Cold Region Waters,Heilongjiang River Basin Fishery Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China;Duerbote Mongolian Autonomous County Fishery Station,Daqing 166200,China;Heilongjiang Fisheries Technology Extension Station,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,农业农村部黑龙江流域渔业生态环境监测中心,寒地水域水生生物保护与生态修复重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县水产总站,黑龙江大庆166200 [3]黑龙江省水产技术推广总站,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2023年第6期69-77,共9页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"蓝色粮仓科技创新"专项(2020YFD0900501);农业农村部财政专项"东北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查".

摘　　要：2021年4月(春季)7月(夏季)10月(秋季)和2022年1月(冬季),采用规范方法调查监测和分析受面源污染的浅水铁哈拉泡(46°30~46°50'N,123°59~124°15'E)浮游植物群落结构特征及其与水环境因子的关系,并对湖泡水生态保护和治理提出了建议。连环湖铁哈拉泡共鉴定出浮游植物7门66属115种及变种,绿藻门、硅藻门和蓝藻门种类优势占比较大,占总种类数的85.22%。浮游植物的总平均丰度为464.4×104ind.,总平均生物量为1.5333mg/L,绿藻门、硅藻门和蓝藻门丰度和生物量均高于其他门类,其中蓝藻门平均丰度(217.8×104ind./L)和平均生物量(0.4894mg/L)均最高。铁哈拉泡浮游植物群落结构季节变化显著,春季蓝藻门、硅藻门和绿藻门为优势门类;夏季和秋季分别为蓝藻门的微囊藻(Microcystis sp.)和硅藻门中的小环藻(Cyc-lotella sp.)凸显出较大优势;冬季则演变为隐藻门、裸藻门、甲藻门和硅藻门共同占优势的群落结构。TSIM评价结果表明,湖泡营养状态为轻微的富营养。RDA分析结果表明,NH4+-N、溶解氧(DO)和PO4--P含量是影响连环湖铁哈拉泡浮游植物群落结构的重要水环境因子。The community structure of phytoplankton and its relationship with water environmental factors were investigated and ana-lyzed in Tiehala Sub-lake of a shallow Lake Lianhuan(46°30'~46°50'N,123°59'~124°15'E),with non-point source pollution,in April,July,October 2021 and January 2022,and the lake ecological protection and governance were suggested in this study.A total of 115 phytoplankton species(belonging to 7 phyla and 66 genera)were found,and the phyla of Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta and Cyanophy-ta constituted over 85.22%of the phytoplankton species,being the dominant phytoplankton phyla.There were average total phyto-plankton abundance of 464.4x 10*ind./L,and the average total phytoplankton biomass of 1.5333 mg/L in the lake.The relative abun-dances and biomass of Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta were significantly higher than other phyla,and Cyanophyta had the highest relative abundances(217.8x 104 ind./L)and the highest relative biomass(0.4894 mg/L).The seasonal variation in the phytoplankton community structure was shown to be significant in the lake,with the dominant phyla Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta in spring(April 2021);Cyanobacteria in summer(July 2021),and Microcystis sp.was the most dominant species;in au-tumn(October 2021),dominances of Cyanobacteria were replaced by Bacillariophyta,Cyclotella sp.became the most dominant species;the phytoplankton in winter(January 2022)changed into a community structure dominated by Cryptophyta,Euglenophyta,Pyrrophyta and Bacillariophyta.TLIM indicated that trophic states of Tiehala Sub-lake were light eutrophic.RDA analysis of the phy-toplankton and environmental factors showed NH-N,DO and PO-P contents were the important environmental factors affecting the phytoplankton community structure characteristics in the Tiehala Sub-lake.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 水环境因子 面源污染 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]