新时代地方变通立法的创新与规制——以授权上海制定浦东新区法规为视角  

Innovation and Regulation of Local Adaptive Legislation in the New Era:Perspectives on Authorizing Shanghai to Formulate Regulations for Pudong New Area

作　　者：许昌[1] XU Chang(School of Law,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学法学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第12期69-81,共13页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“新时代中国改革试验特别授权制度研究”(21YJC820043)。

摘　　要：浦东新区法规是全国人大常委会通过授权决定创设的新型地方性法规,旨在比照经济特区法规,在非经济特区的浦东变通适用法律和行政法规,为我国地方变通立法制度开创了重要先例。从创设依据看,尽管在授权时缺少《立法法》的直接依据,但总体上遵循了宪法的职权范围和央地国家机构职权划分原则,与宪法序言精神相契合,因而具备必要的合宪性基础。鉴于变通立法与法制统一原则的内在紧张关系,法规的制定应当严控准入门槛,准确把握权限范围与变通幅度,建立健全备案审查和自我监督机制,着力实现预留创新空间、严守法治底线的总体目标与核心要求。Pudong New Area Regulations are a new type of local regulations created by the Standing Committee of National People s Congress through authorized decisions,aiming to apply laws and administrative regulations in non-special economic zones of Pudong by comparing them with regulations of the Special Economic Zone,and setting an important precedent for China s local adaptive legislative system.In terms of the basis of creation,although there is no direct legislative basis for the Legislative Law when authorizing,the authorization is generally within the scope of its competence provided by the Constitution and follows the principle of division of powers and responsibilities between central and local state agencies under the Constitution,and is in line with the spirit of the preamble of the Constitution,and therefore,has a necessary constitutional basis.In view of the inherent tension between flexible legislation and the principle of unity of legal system,the formulation of regulations should strictly control the threshold of entry,accurately grasp the scope of authority and flexibility,establish and improve the filing review and self-supervision mechanism,and strive to achieve the overall goal and core requirements of reserving room for innovation and strictly adhering to the rule of law.

关 键 词：浦东新区法规 立法变通权 全国人大常委会 授权决定 法制统一 

分 类 号：D927[政治法律—法学]