添加改性纳米碳和碳化硅颗粒对芒硝相变材料吸光、透光性能的影响  

Effect of modified carbon and silicon carbide nanoparticles on light absorption and transmittance properties of Glauber's salt phase change materials

作　　者：铁生年 黄伟豪 孙增宝 陈凤兰 TIE Shengnian;HUANG Weihao;SUN Zengbao;CHEN Fenglan(New Energy Photovoltaic Industry Research Institute,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学新能源光伏产业研究中心,西宁青海810016

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2024年第1期1-13,共13页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金项目,编号:2021-ZJ-906。

摘　　要：【目的】研究改性纳米碳颗粒和碳化硅颗粒对芒硝相变复合材料吸光性能和透光性能的影响。【方法】改性纳米碳粉和改性纳米碳化硅粉与芒硝相变材料结合,制备纳米颗粒芒硝复合相变材料,讨论不同波长对复合相变材料吸光、透光性和分散稳定性的影响;分散稳定性利用鞘流法图像仪对纳米颗粒进行分析,稳定性通过在50℃和室温下进行7 d静置后观察确定;采用积分反射仪分析相变材料吸光、透光性。【结果】鞘流法图像分析发现,改性纳米碳粉和改性纳米碳化硅粉形貌结构基本无变化且没有团聚现象,静置观察发现没有出现纳米颗粒分层和团聚现象;添加质量分数分别为0.1%、 0.5%、 1.0%的改性碳粉后,相变材料对紫外光的平均吸光度提高20%-35%,可见光的平均透过率下降26%-35%,红外光(波长为800-1 500 nm)的透光率下降10%-42%;分别添加相同质量分数的改性碳化硅后,相变材料对紫外光的平均吸光度提高22%-26.6%,可见光的平均透过率下降20%-29%,红外光(波长为1 500-2 700 nm)的透光率提高8%-29%。【结论】改性纳米颗粒在芒硝基相变材料中具有良好的分散性和稳定性;通过在传统芒硝基相变材料基础上添加不同含量的改性纳米颗粒,获得的纳米颗粒芒硝基相变材料对不同波长光的吸光率和透光率的基础性数据,为高性能纳米颗粒芒硝相变材料快速光热响应的研究打下基础。Objective The carbon nanoparticles and the silicon carbide nanoparticles are chemically and physically modified,respectively.These modified hydrophilic nanoparticles are incorporated into mirabilite-based phase transition materials to create composite phase-change materials.A systematic design is adopted to vary the concentration of these modified nanoparticles within traditional mirabilite-based phase change materials.The objective is to enhance the absorbance properties of the resulting composite materials across different wavelength bands.This strategic improvement in absorbance is anticipated to play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of solar energy photothermal conversion for mirabilite-based phase change energy storage materials.Methods In this paper,a multi-step approach was undertaken to modify nanoparticles for subsequent integration into phase-change materials.Firstly,a mixed acid solution was created by combining concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid.This acid was then mixed with the nanocarbon powder,and the mixture was centrifuged and dried several times after heating and reaction to produce the modified nanocarbon powder.Secondly,silicon carbide nanoparticles,along with polyvinylpyrrolidone and tetramethylammonium hydroxide were mixed and ball-milled.Subsequently,the modified silicon carbide nanoparticles were obtained by centrifugal drying.Thirdly,a mixture of Na,SO4·10H,O and Na,HPO412H,O in a mass ratio of 2:8 was dissolved in a water bath at 50 C for 45 min,then the modified carbon and silicon carbide nanoparticles were added with different mass fractions and homogeneously dispersed in the phase-change material by ultrasonication.Finally,absorbance and transmittance characteristics were assessed using a UH4150 spectrophotometer.Results and Discussion The dispersion stability of these nanoparticles is meticulously examined using the sheath flow method image instrument.Notably,the modified carbon and silicon carbide nanoparticles exhibit no significant alterations in th

关 键 词：芒硝 相变材料 吸光率 透光率 纳米碳粉 纳米碳化硅粉 

分 类 号：TQ170[化学工程—硅酸盐工业] TB4[一般工业技术]