棉花功能基因图位克隆的研究进展  

Research Advances of Map-Based Cloning Genes in Cotton

作　　者：臧新山 王康文 张先亮[1,2] 王雪平 王军 梁雨 裴小雨 任翔[1,2] 吕宇龙 高宇 王星星 彭云玲[3] 马雄风 ZANG XinShan;WANG KangWen;ZHANG XianLiang;WANG XuePing;WANG Jun;LIANG Yu;PEI XiaoYu;REN Xiang;LÜYuLong;GAO Yu;WANG XingXing;PENG YunLing;MA XiongFeng(Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Anyang 455000,Henan;Western Agricultural Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changji 831100,Xinjiang;College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University/Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement,Lanzhou 730070;School of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室/农业农村部棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,河南安阳455000 [2]中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆昌吉831100 [3]甘肃农业大学农学院/甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,兰州730070 [4]郑州大学农学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2023年第23期4635-4647,共13页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家棉花产业技术体系(CARS-15-07);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项(2022B02052-2);新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才计划(2021);昌吉回族自治州科技重大专项(2021Z01-01)。

摘　　要：图位克隆是鉴定特定表型变异遗传基础的经典有效策略。棉花功能基因图位克隆,对育种工作者创新利用种质资源、培育和定向设计新品种、提高育种效率有重要指导作用。近年来,随着雷蒙德氏棉、亚洲棉、陆地棉和海岛棉等基因组测序的完成和不断完善,基因的物理位置信息已知,省去了筛选基因组文库和构建候选区段物理图谱的过程,棉花功能基因图位克隆研究进入快速发展期。2016年,利用正向遗传学方法首次图位克隆了陆地棉显性无腺体Gl2e(GoPGF),目前已有20个质量性状基因和5个数量性状基因通过图位克隆策略鉴定。本文从基因符号、名称、染色体定位、候选基因等方面系统综述棉花纤维、腺体、蜜腺、叶型、株型、植株颜色、育性等性状相关图位克隆基因;并从图位克隆作图群体和集团分离分析法测序(bulked segregate analysis-sequencing,BSA-seq)应用等方面系统综述图位克隆策略。随着基因组测序技术的升级、测序成本的降低、BSA-seq等新方法的应用,图位克隆发展更加快速准确。利用转基因和基因组编辑技术对基因功能开展全面系统的鉴定评价,将为棉花分子设计育种提供理论基础和基因资源,加快棉花遗传改良进程。Map-based cloning is a classical and effective method to identify candidate genes for specific phenotypic variants.Map-based cloning of functional genes plays important roles in the innovative utilization of germplasm resources,molecular design breeding and improving breeding efficiency.In recent years,the whole-genome sequencing of Gossypium raimondii,Gossypium arboreum,Gossypium hirsutum,and Gossypium barbadense has been completed and improved.Map-based cloning has entered into a crucial period.In 2016,the dominant glandless gene e Gl2(GoPGF)was the first map-based cloning gene in cotton.So far,20 qualitative traits genes and 5 quantitative traits genes have been identified by map-based cloning technology.In this paper,research progress was systematically reviewed in fiber,gland,nectary,leaf type,plant architecture,plant color,and fertility in terms of gene symbols,names,chromosomal positioning,and candidate genes.Moreover,map-based cloning strategies were systematically reviewed in mapping populations and bulked segregate analysis-sequencing(BSA-seq).With the reduction of sequencing cost and utilization of BSA-seq,it is believed that more and more genes will be cloned by map-based cloning technology.In addition,transformation and genome editing have been successfully used to evaluate the function of the candidate gene in the target interval.It is believed that map-based cloning could provide a theoretical basis and genetic resources for molecular design breeding in cotton.

关 键 词：棉花 图位克隆 分子标记 作图群体 BSA-seq 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]