错排齿轮式排肥器优化与试验  

Optimization and experiment of the fertilizer apparatus with staggered gears

作　　者：顿国强 盛泉宝 纪欣鑫 姜新波[2] 赵宇 周成 DUN Guoqiang;SHENG Quanbao;JI Xinxin;JIANG Xinbo;ZHAO Yu;ZHOU Cheng(Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment Engineering Laboratory,Harbin Cambridge University,Harbin 150069,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Zhongnong Polaris(Tianjin)Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment Co.,Tianjin 300480,China;College of Information Engineering,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨剑桥学院智能农机装备工程实验室,哈尔滨150069 [2]东北林业大学机电工程学院,哈尔滨150040 [3]中农北极星(天津)智能农机装备有限公司,天津300480 [4]湖州师范学院信息工程学院,湖州313000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2023年第20期20-27,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LH2023E025);湖州市重点研发计划项目(2022ZD2048);哈尔滨剑桥学院重点科研应用研究项目(JQZKY2022021);东北林业大学横向课题开发项目(43221026)。

摘　　要：为提升双齿轮式排肥器的排肥均匀性,该研究基于原始结构参数对直齿排肥齿轮进行改进,设计错排齿轮式排肥器。在参数化建模和确定轮齿容肥体积的基础上,结合理论分析确定了排肥器的理论排肥量。利用EDEM对排肥过程进行仿真,通过单因素试验分析错排齿轮片数、排肥轮间隙对排肥均匀性的影响,选用L_(9)(3^(4))正交表进行正交仿真试验。试验结果表明:试验因素对试验指标影响的主次顺序为错排齿轮片数、排肥轮间隙,当错排齿轮片数为3片、排肥轮间隙为5 mm时,排肥均匀性变异系数为4.69%。采用台架试验对双齿轮和错排齿轮式排肥器进行对比试验,结果表明:转速60 r/min时错排齿轮式排肥器的排肥流量变异系数为4.74%,与理论值基本吻合,且比双齿轮排肥器变异系数减小10.68个百分点。基于实测排肥器转速-流量曲线设计电控排肥控制器并进行台架试验,施肥精度偏差为3.1%,优化后的排肥器排肥均匀性良好,且可实现精控排肥。研究结果可为精控排肥器的设计及优化提供参考。Uniform fluctuation is required for the precision operation in the double-gear fertilizer.In this study,the staggeredgear fertilizer device was designed to improve the slicing and isometric displacement of straight tooth fat discharge gears.It was composed mainly of the left-handed fat wheel,right-handed fat wheel,shell,and transmission gear.The two rows of fat wheels were rotated inward to better mesh the fixed transmission gear.The fertilizer was driven to rotate in the box,and then flew down to the drain outlet along the volume space that formed by the ridge and the cogging.Thus the fertilizer discharge was realized after running.Parametric modeling and volume identification were utilized to determine the volume of wheel tooth fertilizer.The optimal amount of fertilizer discharge was determined by theoretical analysis.EDEM was used to simulate the fertilizer discharge,where the number of misaligned gear pieces and the clearance of two rows of fat wheels were used as test factors,while the uniformity of fertilizer discharge flow was used as the test index.Univariate pilot studies were also conducted after the single-factor test.Design-Expert 8.0.6 software was used to select the L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal table for the data processing and statistical analysis in the orthogonal simulation test.ANOVA and range analysis were carried out after the test.The experimental results showed that significant correlations were found in the number of pieces in the discharging wheel(P=0.001<0.01)and the clearance of two staggered gears(0.01<P=0.0102<0.05)on the coefficient of variation of uniformity.The influencing factors on the test index were the number of wrong gear pieces and the clearance of the fat discharge wheel.Furthermore,the coefficient of variation was 4.69%for the fertilizer discharge flow,when the number of staggered-gear pieces and the clearance of the fertilizer discharge wheel were 3 pieces and 5 mm,respectively.The bench and comparative tests were also performed on the double-and staggered-gear fertilizer devic

关 键 词：农业机械 离散元 正交试验 排肥器 错排齿轮 排肥均匀性 

分 类 号：S224.21[农业科学—农业机械化工程]