不同增塑剂对低乙烯含量EPDM性能的影响  

Effect of different plasticizers on properties of EPDM with low ethylene Content

作　　者：李红波 侯江涛 黄艳华 裴高林 赖亮庆 苏正涛 LI Hongbo;HOU Jiangtao;HUANG Yanhua;PEI Gaolin;LAI Liangqing;SU Zhengtao(AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Key Laboratory of Vibration and Noise Reduction Materials and Application Technology,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发北京航空材料研究院减振降噪材料及应用技术重点实验室,北京100095

出　　处：《弹性体》2023年第5期53-58,共6页China Elastomerics

基　　金：中国航发自主创新基金资助项目(CXPT-2022-041)。

摘　　要：选用低乙烯含量的非结晶型三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)为生胶,分别用含有同等质量份数的邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)、癸二酸二辛脂(DOS)、己二酸二异辛酯(DOA)、磷酸三辛酯(TOP)、3种不同闪点的石蜡油、环烷油共8种不同的增塑剂,制备出混炼胶,对比混炼胶的硫化特性、基本力学性能、低温性能、热空气老化性能以及耐磷酸酯液压油性能。结果表明,增塑剂种类对胶料的硫化速度影响不大,但是会对交联密度产生一定影响,导致不同胶料基本力学性能存在差异,其中以石蜡油Sunpar2280制备的胶料拉伸强度和断裂伸长率最高;增塑剂DOP、DOS、DOA、TOP与EPDM相容性差,制备的胶料在热空气老化后硬度上升较高,但是却具有较好的低温性能,其中以DOS制备的胶料最优,在-55℃的低温下仍具有一定回弹性;低挥发性石蜡油和环烷油制备的胶料热空气老化后性能变化较小,但是耐低温性能却较差;增塑剂TOP制备的胶料在浸油后具有较低的硬度变化和体积膨胀,耐磷酸酯液压油性能最好。A comparative study was conducted on the vulcanization characteristics,mechanical properties,low-temperature performance,hot air aging performance,and phosphate ester hydraulic oil resistance of low ethylene content EPDM compounds containing 8 different plasticizers,including DOP,DOS,DOA,TOP,three types of paraffin oiland naphthenic oil.The results show that:the type of plasticizer has little effect on the curing rate of EPDM,but it has a certain impact on the crosslinking density of the vulcanized rubber,resulting in differences in mechanical properties of different rubber compounds.The sample containing Sunpar2280 paraffin oil has the highest tensile strength and elongation at break.Due to the poor compatibility between ester plasticizers(including DOP,DOS,DOA,TOP)and EPDM,the hardness of vulcanizates prepared with them significantly increases after hot air aging.However,all four types of vulcanizates have good low-temperature performance.Among them,the low-temperature performance of EPDM containing DOS is the best and it still has a certain degree of resilience at a low temperature of-55℃.EPDM containing low volatile paraffin oil or naphthenic oil has good thermal aging performance,but the low-temperature performance is poor.The rubber prepared with plasticizer TOP exhibits lower hardness changes and volume expansion after immersion in oil,and has the best resistance to phosphate ester hydraulic oil.

关 键 词：三元乙丙橡胶 增塑剂 低温性能 热空气老化性能 磷酸酯液压油 

分 类 号：TQ333.4[化学工程—橡胶工业]